Progress on the interpretation of optoretinogram (ORG): effect of water permeability of outer retina barriers

Robert J. Zawadzki; Pengfei Zhang; Sarah J. Karlen; Ewelina Pijewska; Ratheesh K. Meleppat; Ravi S. Jonnal; Edward N. Pugh Jr.

doi:10.1117/12.2671027

11 August 2023 Progress on the interpretation of optoretinogram (ORG): effect of water permeability of outer retina barriers

Robert J. Zawadzki, Pengfei Zhang, Sarah J. Karlen, Ewelina Pijewska, Ratheesh K. Meleppat, Ravi S. Jonnal, Edward N. Pugh Jr.

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 12632, Optical Coherence Imaging Techniques and Imaging in Scattering Media V; 126320L (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2671027
Event: European Conferences on Biomedical Optics, 2023, Munich, Germany

Abstract

The development of functional retinal imaging is of great interest to clinical and experimental ophthalmology because it should improve current clinical practice that relies on a simple evaluation of disease-related changes in retinal morphology. In this presentation, we will review our recent progress in the measurements and interpretation of Optoretinograms (ORG). The ORG comprises light-dependent changes in photoreceptor outer segment length and scattering measured in vivo with submicrometer-resolution by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). Our recent data confirm that the mechanisms underlying “slow” ORG response is that extreme phototransduction increases osmotic pressure in the outer segment, driving water entry and swelling to restore osmotic balance. Water movement between different retinal layers was quantified by OCT measurements, and analysis of retinal layer thickness dynamics provided estimates of the water permeability of key barriers between the Choriocapillaris (CC) and photoreceptors, viz., of the CC cell membrane, Bruch’s Membrane (BrM), the RPE layer, and the rod plasma membrane. A model proposed to link the changes in refractive index caused by the osmotically driven water movement between the CC lumen and the outer segment during the ORG predicts the observed BrM scattering changes. Overall, the results and modeling provide new insights into critical water barriers of the posterior eye and an experimental and theoretical toolkit for measuring their permeabilities.

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Robert J. Zawadzki, Pengfei Zhang, Sarah J. Karlen, Ewelina Pijewska, Ratheesh K. Meleppat, Ravi S. Jonnal, and Edward N. Pugh Jr. "Progress on the interpretation of optoretinogram (ORG): effect of water permeability of outer retina barriers", Proc. SPIE 12632, Optical Coherence Imaging Techniques and Imaging in Scattering Media V, 126320L (11 August 2023); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2671027

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KEYWORDS

Water

Permeability

Retina

Optical coherence tomography

Scattering

Ophthalmology

Plasma

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