From Event: SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, 2017
The soft X-ray beamline IPE is one of the first phase SIRIUS beamlines at the LNLS, Brazil. Divided into two branches, IPE is designed to perform ambient pressure X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (AP-XPS) and high resolution resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) for samples in operando/environmental conditions inside cells and liquid jets. The aim is to maximize the photon flux in the energy range 200-1400 eV generated by an elliptically polarizing undulator source (EPU) and focus it to a 1 μm vertical spot size at the RIXS station and 10 μm at the AP-XPS station. In order to achieve the required resolving power (40.000 at 930 eV) for RIXS both the dispersion properties of the plane grating monochromator (PGM) and the thermal deformation of the optical elements need special attention. The grating parameters were optimized with the REFLEC code to maximize the efficiency at the required resolution. Thermal deformation of the PGM plane mirror limits the possible range of cff parameters depending of the photon energy used. Hence, resolution of the PGM and thermal deformation effects define the boundary conditions of the optical concept and the simulations of the IPE beamline. We compare simulations performed by geometrical ray-tracing (SHADOW) and wave front propagation (SRW) and show that wave front diffraction effects (apertures, optical surface error profiles) has a small effect on the beam spot size and shape.
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Bernd C. Meyer, Tulio C. R. Rocha, Sergio A. L. Luiz, Artur C. Pinto, and Harry Westfahl Jr., "Simulation and optimization of the SIRIUS IPE soft x-ray beamline," Proc. SPIE 10388, Advances in Computational Methods for X-Ray Optics IV, 103880D (Presented at SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications: August 09, 2017; Published: 23 August 2017); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2273971.