Adaptive optics and wavefront control enable advances in the transmission matrix measurement. However, despite its rich information content, the transmission matrix is usually only used to enhance light transmission through scattering media. For the first time, we present an assessment of the health status of retinal tissues using the transmission matrix measured by digital holography. Our data show that transmission matrix analysis can detect pathological changes in the retina and is promising for the development of label-free imaging biomarkers.

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Jürgen W. Czarske, Nektarios Koukourakis, Stefan Rothe, Felix Wagner, and Mike O. Karl, "Investigation of neurodegeneration in the human organoid retina with transmission matrix measurements (Conference Presentation)," Proc. SPIE PC12388, Adaptive Optics and Wavefront Control for Biological Systems IX, PC123880E (Presented at SPIE BiOS: January 30, 2023; Published: 16 March 2023); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2661936.6321656910112.