Increased permeability in the blood nerve barrier is found after peripheral nerve injury(1) and annexin A-2 has been shown to translocate to Schwann cell surface after injury(2). We hypothesize that this change in permeability can facilitate intraneaural transit of LS-301 to identify nerve injury. We subjected Lewis rats to a mild or severe unilateral sciatic nerve crush injury and performed NIR imaging after administration of Cypate-3 dye and LS-301. Fluorescence within the ROI of the mildly injured nerve and severely injured nerve was significantly increased compared to their contralateral control at 5 hrs after injury. It appears that intravenous administration of near-infrared fluorophores results in detectable changes in nerve fluorescence compared to baseline.

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David Brogan, Tony Lee, Jason Wever, Christopher Dy, and Samuel Achilefu, "Near infrared fluorophore specific for annexin A2 identifies peripheral nerve injury in a rodent crush model (Conference Presentation)," Proc. SPIE PC12398, Reporters, Markers, Dyes, Nanoparticles, and Molecular Probes for Biomedical Applications XIV, PC123980J (Presented at SPIE BiOS: February 01, 2023; Published: 17 March 2023); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2655718.6321348279112.