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Satellites can act as trusted nodes to link up QKD networks that are far apart. This requires the satellite to be able to communicate with ground receivers that are located near the end-users, typically in an urban environment. Such environments lower the signal-to-noise ratio achievable and can reduce the effectiveness of satellite-based communication. I will discuss the variables that must be considered when discussing satellite-based QKD; these variables are also expected to affect other types of free-space quantum communication. In particular, I will use Singapore as an example of a sea-level dense urban environment, with high humidity and high probability of cloud cover, to discuss the challenges that need to be overcome.
Alexander Ling andClarence Liu
"Considerations for satellite QKD in an urban environment", Proc. SPIE PC12089, Advanced Photon Counting Techniques XVI, PC1208909 (30 May 2022); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2622849
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Alexander Ling, Clarence Liu, "Considerations for satellite QKD in an urban environment," Proc. SPIE PC12089, Advanced Photon Counting Techniques XVI, PC1208909 (30 May 2022); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2622849