Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) affect biological processes in many ways, and their effect is a function of strength, content and the exposure duration. Whereas excessive oxidative stress has potential to cause various deleterious events such as damaged protein structure, interfered activation of signaling cascades, and even cell apoptosis, we argue that targeted and carefully dosed application of ROS can be used as a therapeutic modality. In appropriate dosage ROS can induce stimulatory effects on cells and activate pathways leading to migration and collagen synthesis. At the tissue level ROS are utilized in photochemical crosslinking. Thus, we propose use of femtosecond oscillators as a therapeutic platform that can be utilized for ocular wound healing, non-invasive vision correction, as well as treatment of keratoconus and early osteoarthritis.
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