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The color of a substance in general depends upon its state and upon the external forces it experiences, both past and present. One of the simplest methods of attempting to change the state of a material is to vary its temperature. Thermochromism is a noticeable dependence of the color of a substance on temperature. This is thus one of the easier chromogenic effects to detect. Since the changes triggered by temperature variation often are indicative of the effects that can be induced by other means, it is convenient to use the observation of thermochromism as an indication of the possible existence of other chromogenic behavior.
Jesse H. Day
"Science and technology of thermochromic materials", Proc. SPIE 10304, Large-Area Chromogenics: Materials and Devices for Transmittance Control, 1030407 (28 March 1990); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2283610
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Jesse H. Day, "Science and technology of thermochromic materials," Proc. SPIE 10304, Large-Area Chromogenics: Materials and Devices for Transmittance Control, 1030407 (28 March 1990); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2283610