Pump-probe imaging obtains imaging contrast based on relaxation from a photoexcited state. This has been used as a label-free imaging technique for melanin, hemoglobin, carotenoids, and recently, mitochondrial respiratory chain components. Pump-probe provides a unique opportunity for imaging non-fluorescent molecules, which relax very rapidly (within ~ 200 femtoseconds) to a vibrationally-excited, electronic ground state. In practice, pump and probe wavelengths must be selected that provide good separation between molecules of interest. This is essentially an analytical chemistry application of a technique that is more commonly for physical chemistry. Because of this, much of the pump-probe literature on molecules of interest provide data focused on elucidating energy transfer pathways and molecular structure; predicting from these data which pump/probe wavelengths will work best in an analytical scenario is not straightforward. In this presentation, we discuss general features of pump-probe responses of non-fluorescent molecules, with an eye toward pump/probe wavelength selection. We will focus on spectral shifting and broadening that characterize the vibrationally-excited, electronic ground state, and building a simplified transient absorption model to inform imaging experiments. The end goal of this work is to separate respiratory chain heme proteins and their redox states in a label-free manner. This will lead to new methods for probing mitochondrial function with sub-cellular resolution.
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