Urban areas currently account for 67-76% of global final energy consumption. With urban living expected to increase from roughly half of the world's population to 70% by the middle of this century, energy stewardship in the urban built environment is critical to a sustainable energy future. The rapid decrease in the cost of photovoltaics (PV) in the past decade makes building-integrated photovoltaics an appealing direction for next-generation buildings. In particular, PV windows are particularly attractive because they leverage the most architecturally popular, yet energy inefficient, element in the building façade. There are two popular approaches to PV energy conversion in windows: (1) Transparent designs leverage conversion of non-visible light5. They have the potential for high visible light transmittance (VLT) but are limited by low solar-to-electrical power conversion efficiencies (PCE). (2) Semitransparent designs provide higher PCE by harnessing visible light, but this is achieved with a direct tradeoff for VLT. The advent of switchable photovoltaics offers a new avenue to energy conversion in windows by combining high PCE PV with the energy-saving benefits of dynamic glazing. This talk will cover the theoretical benefit of switchable PV windows and the current status of two distinct experimental approaches.
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