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Light scattering by all-dielectric nanoparticles attract significant attention of photonics community. Single nanoparticles can be used both as nanoantennas and as building blocks to construct 2D and 3D meta-structures. In this work we study scattering effect when silicon nanoparticles are embedded in different media. To analyze the evolution of multipole moments and their contributions to the scattering cross-sections of the nanoparticles in media, we use semi-analytical multipole decomposition approach. Explicitly, we investigate the behavior of electric and magnetic multipoles, up to third order, while dielectric nanoparticle made of silicon is embedded in a media. We found that electric and magnetic multipoles experience different red shift as refractive index increases. Due to this behavior separated high-order multipole resonances overlap with each other; thereby, scattering cross section peaks, which could be observed when a particles are in air, merge to the joint scattering cross section peaks. Such resonances overlap also affect both far-field radiation diagrams and field distribution inside the nanoparticle. Importantly, we noticed that when index of a surrounding media increases, the cubical nanoparticles provide spectral broadening of forward scattering effect.
Our results provide fundamental information for understanding the scattering effect in all-dielectric nanoantennas or metasurfaces embedded in different dielectric media and operating in wide spectral range. For practical utilization, explored here dielectric nanoparticles could be used in broad range of applications such as in-vitro and in-vivo biomedical devices for sensing and drug delivering, sub-wavelength nano-amplifiers, and many other emerging applications.
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