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1 March 2019VCSEL arrays for quasi-continuous-wave applications
The design and optimization of two-dimensional VCSEL arrays operating with duty-cycles from 2 to 5% (quasicontinuous- wave or QCW) operating at 940 nm are presented. Designs for nominal 8 W and 100 W peak power using TriLumina’s flip-chip-bondable, back-side-emitting VCSELs are reviewed. Performance as a function of duty cycle, including peak power output, spectral width and beam divergence are presented. Performance from -40°C to 125°C, corresponding to automotive grade 1 requirements, is reviewed. Optimization of the VCSEL arrays as a function of the number of emitters per chip is analyzed for trends in wall-plug efficiency, slope efficiency and operating conditions.
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James Foresi, Mial E. Warren, Matthew K. Block, Lei Yang, Kevin Toledo, Chris J. Helms, Gianluca Bacchin, "VCSEL arrays for quasi-continuous-wave applications," Proc. SPIE 10938, Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers XXIII, 109380D (1 March 2019); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2510715