The rapid development of three-dimensional visualization technologies requires an accurate assessment of human factors. For this reason, electroencephalography has been broadly employed to investigate the user performance and comfort for stereoscopic visualization systems. However, no previous research investigated the cortical activity when viewing real three-dimensional images, such as demonstrated on the volumetric displays. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the short-term changes in brain activity when viewing images on the volumetric multi-planar display. The visual search array consisted of four constant angular size circles. In each trial, one of the circles was displayed closer to the subject comparing to three others. The task was to find the closest circle and submit the answer about its relative location. Each participant performed visual search tasks in three repetitive sessions consisting of 80 trials. We used electroencephalography to record the electrical activity of the brain. No significant changes were found when comparing the results of ERP components between three repetitive visual task sessions. Regarding the frequency band power, the significant changes were proved only for the alpha band in the central parietal area (Pz) and in the right parietal area (P4). The alpha band power grew considerably in most individuals when compared the signals during the third session with the first session. In addition, there was a trend of increased activity in the beta band, however, no statistical significance was reached. In this work, we discuss the possible effects of visual task and three-dimensional visualization of information on the cortical activity.
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