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We present an optically assisted frequency modulation (FM) demodulation method to characterize the resonance mode of a graphene resonator. The intensity of a laser at 795 nm is FM demodulated to actuate the graphene resonator, where the carrier frequency is approximately around the resonant frequency of the resonator and the FM deviation is set by the reference signal from the lock-in amplifier. A continuous laser at 633 nm is directed in the sample to perform the optical interferometry technique and the resonance mode of the graphene resonator is extracted through the lock-in amplifier. In this way, resonance modes at high frequencies much larger than the bandwidth of the lock-in amplifier could be detected within a high accuracy. In our configuration, we have obtained the graphene resonance mode at frequencies around 10 MHz with a 100 kHz bandwidth lock-in amplifier.
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Lizhi Kang, Zedi Cheng, Weijie Li, Junkai Fan, You Wang, Qiang Zhou, Guangwei Deng, Hai-Zhi Song, "Optically assisted FM demodulation of a graphene resonator," Proc. SPIE 11617, International Conference on Optoelectronic and Microelectronic Technology and Application, 116173K (4 December 2020); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2585474