Diabetes can not only disrupt the blood brain barrier and the homeostasis of brain microenvironment, but also affect the function of immune cells. Since diabetes is a chronic disease, it is of great value to investigate the changes of various physiological indicators with the development of diabetes, while there are few relevant studies. In this work, the changes of blood brain barrier and microglial function in mice with the development of diabetes was in vivo monitored, using recently arisen skull optical clearing window with a variety of optical imaging techniques. The results showed that with the development of diabetes mellitus, the permeability of the blood brain barrier in the cortex of mice increased gradually, which further induced the morphological and functional changes of microglia. This study is expected to provide a reference for the study of diabetic complications, as well as interventional treatment and efficacy evaluation of diabetes mellitus.
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