A 4 K pulse tube cryocooler for the HUBS mission

Liubiao Chen; Zhaozhao Gao; Biao Yang; Junjie Wang

doi:10.1117/12.2629334

31 August 2022 A 4 K pulse tube cryocooler for the HUBS mission

Liubiao Chen, Zhaozhao Gao, Biao Yang, Junjie Wang

Proceedings Volume 12181, Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2022: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray; 121816M (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2629334
Event: SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, 2022, Montréal, Québec, Canada

Abstract

The Hot Universe Baryon Surveyor (HUBS) mission requires a refrigeration system with temperatures below 100 mK to meet the high-resolution detection requirements of its superconducting transition edge sensor. The refrigeration scheme is to use a 4 K mechanical cryocooler as the pre-cooling stage and then use adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators (ADR) to obtain mK temperatures. One option for the pre-cooling stage is to use a pulse tube cryocooler. At present, a thermalcoupled and gas-coupled composite prototype based on helium-4 as the working gas has been successfully developed, a no-load temperature of 3.1 K, and a maximum cooling capacity of 22.0 mW at 4.2 K has been obtained, which can barely meet the demand. The calculation results show that the use of helium-3 instead of helium-4 as the working gas of the gas-coupled second and third stage is expected to further increase the cooling capacity to 53.1mW/4.2K, but 53 standard liters of helium-3 needs to be charged at room temperature. In order to reduce the amount of helium-3, a thermal-coupled three-stage pulse tube cryocooler is further designed. When the first and second compressors and their cold fingers use helium-4, while the third compressor and its cold finger use helium-3 as the working gas, the calculation results show that a cooling capacity of 57.5 mW/4.2 K can be obtained, and the amount of helium-3 that needs to be charged at room temperature is 11 standard liters, which effectively reduces the cost.

Conference Presentation

Citation Download Citation

Liubiao Chen, Zhaozhao Gao, Biao Yang, and Junjie Wang "A 4 K pulse tube cryocooler for the HUBS mission", Proc. SPIE 12181, Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2022: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray, 121816M (31 August 2022); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2629334

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