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18 April 2023 Underwater communication acoustic transducers: a technology review
Laila Shams, Tian-Bing Xu
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Proceedings Volume 12486, Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems 2023; 124860A (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2663073
Event: SPIE Smart Structures + Nondestructive Evaluation, 2023, Long Beach, California, United States
Abstract
This paper provides a comprehensive review on transducer technologies for underwater communications. The popularly used communication transducers, such as piezoelectric acoustic transducers, electromagnetic acoustic transducers, and acousto-optic devices are reviewed in detail. The reasons that common air communication technologies are invalid die to the differences between the media of air and water are addresses. Because of the abilities to overcome challenges the complexity of marine environments, piezoelectric acoustic transducers are playing the major underwater communication roles for science, surveillance, and Naval missions. The configuration and material properties of piezoelectric transducers effects on signal output power, beamwidth, amplitude, and other properties are discussed. The methods of code and decode communication information signals into acoustic waves are also presented. Finally, several newly developed piezoelectric transducers are recommended for future studies.
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Laila Shams and Tian-Bing Xu "Underwater communication acoustic transducers: a technology review", Proc. SPIE 12486, Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems 2023, 124860A (18 April 2023); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2663073
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KEYWORDS
Transducers
Acoustics
Piezoelectric materials
Acoustic waves
Acoustooptics
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