Spectro-astrometry of embedded accreting protoplanets using photonic lanterns

Daniel M. Levinstein; Stephanie Sallum; Yoo Jung Kim; Jonathan Lin; Julien Lozi; Nemanja Jovanovic; Michael P. Fitzgerald; Sébastien Vievard

doi:10.1117/12.2676882

5 October 2023 Spectro-astrometry of embedded accreting protoplanets using photonic lanterns

Daniel M. Levinstein, Stephanie Sallum, Yoo Jung Kim, Jonathan Lin, Julien Lozi, Nemanja Jovanovic, Michael P. Fitzgerald, Sébastien Vievard

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 12680, Techniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets XI; 126800J (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2676882
Event: SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, 2023, San Diego, California, United States

Abstract

The Photonic Lantern (PL) is a novel optical technology consisting of a multi-mode fiber adiabatically merged to several single-mode fibers. PLs efficiently split light into its individual modes, revealing both phase and amplitude information. This makes them attractive for use in focal plane wavefront sensing and spectroscopy. Spectro-astrometry, a technique that involves searching for wavelength-dependent centroid shifts in spectrally-dispersed datasets, can be conducted with PLs to resolve circumstellar structures with extremely small angular separations that are not accessible with traditional imaging techniques. Here, we investigate the application of PLs for spectro-astrometry of young stars hosting protoplanetary disks with embedded accreting planets. Although spectro-astrometry of point-source accreting companions with PLs has been numerically explored in the past, those simulations did not include the effects of scattered light by the protoplanetary disk. We carry out numerical simulations of accretion signatures inside protoplanetary disks to understand the feasibility of using PLs to detect accreting planets under realistic conditions. We simulate the response of a 6 port PL to young stars with a circumstellar disk containing an accretion hotspot centered on the Paschen beta hydrogen line. We discuss the lower limit of the hotspot-to-star contrast detectable by a PL in the context of contamination by disk signals after introducing both random and systematic noise sources. The simulations also demonstrate the effects of scattered light by the circumstellar disk on the PL response to an embedded accreting protoplanet with a fixed planet-to-star contrast.

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Daniel M. Levinstein, Stephanie Sallum, Yoo Jung Kim, Jonathan Lin, Julien Lozi, Nemanja Jovanovic, Michael P. Fitzgerald, and Sébastien Vievard "Spectro-astrometry of embedded accreting protoplanets using photonic lanterns", Proc. SPIE 12680, Techniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets XI, 126800J (5 October 2023); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2676882

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