This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 12762, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, and Conference Committee information.

At present, laser cutting has emerged as a new technology in the field of glass cutting to achieve a good quality and high efficiency, that is believed to have a very broad application prospect. In this report, the glass cutting by picosecond laser with a high peak power and a long focal-depth Bessel beam was studied. The maximum power of laser is chosen to be 50 W with a spot size of 2 mm, pulse width of 10 ps, and wavelength of 1064 nm. The frequency is adjustable in the range of 50 KHz to 200 KHz. The factors affecting the cutting roughness was analyzed, including the focus position, speed, and power. Meanwhile, the glass is split by a carbon dioxide laser with the wavelength of 10.6 μm and maximum power is 100 W, which breaks due to internal stress induced by heating. By adjusting the speed, power and focusing position, the good processing parameters for the ultra-white glass with thickness of 4 mm were found. High quality cutting with minimum edge breakage less than 3 μm is confirmed by microscope. Moreover, nonstandard-shaped cutting and straight line cutting with a high speed of 300 mm/s have also achieved in this work. All results demonstrates that ultra-fast laser is a promising tool for glass cutting.

To analyze the interaction mechanism of Laser Water Jet (LWJ) with multilayer materials, an energy coupling model between LWJ and Thermal Barrier Coated (TBC) nickel-based alloy was established to examine the ablated morphology and temperature variation during processing. Building upon this foundation, vertical, inclined, and dustpan holes were precisely machined on the TBC alloy. The produced perforations exhibit impeccably smooth edges and planar surfaces, evincing a notable absence of a discernible heat-affected zone, recast layer, as well as any other thermal-induced detriments. Furthermore, through the utilization of the self-developed high-power LWJ machining equipment, the micro-hole fabrication in 6.1mm-thick DD10 alloy and 5mm-thick C/SiC composites have been achieved.

As the third generation of photovoltaic cell technology, the Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs) have strong theoretical advantages compared with discrystalline silicon and thin film cells because of their material characteristics. In the formation of the series structure of perovskite cells, different film layers need to be marked at different positions. The scribing of functional layers can be done by mask plate, chemical etching, mechanical or laser scribing. Laser scribing can produce finer scribing areas. At present, laser scribing has gradually replaced other scribing methods and become the main scribing methods. In this paper, laser scribing for the realization of all the P1, P2, and P3 scribes are reported by optical fiber femtosecond laser with output wavelengths of 532 nm, and pulse width is adjustable at 300 fs. The better processing parameters are found for the scribing speed of 2000 mm/s, and the laser power of 1.8 W for the P1 scribe. High precision scribing with slit width less than 10 μm is obtained by optimizing scribing speed and laser power. All the results indicate that laser scribing would play an important role in achieving high performance PSCs modules in which the interconnects.

We present the results of direct laser-induced periodic surface structuring of semiconductors thin films (a-Si, a-Ge) deposited on glass substrate at different ambient environments (air, vacuum, nitrogen) resulting in regular gratings with the period of 600 nm to 900 nm at the laser wavelength of 1026 nm oriented either along (a-Si) or transverse (a-Ge) to the linear laser polarization direction. The processing speed has a different effect on morphology of obtained structures: on a-Si film, an increase of scanning speed leads to the reorientation of gratings and reduction of their period, while on a-Ge, the uniformity degradation and increase of the period are observed. Changing the ambient atmosphere from air to nitrogen and vacuum, when writing structures on a-Ge, helps to minimize the uniformity degradation and obtain highly regular nanogratings.

H13 steel is often used to manufacture hot working dies such as forging dies and injection molds. These dies are prone to wear, cracking and failure on the surface under the action of high temperature and pressure. Laser cladding is an effective method for surface modification and remanufacturing of the H13 steel dies. However, due to the characteristics of rapid cooling and heating in laser cladding, the temperature gradient and cooling rate in the forming process are too large, which often leads to excessive thermal stress and cracking during the process, especially in multi-layer cladding. Laser cladding of multi-layer 316L/H13+20%WC composite coatings was carried out on the surface of H13 steel. The microstructure, element diffusion behavior and wear properties of the cladding layers were studied. Through design of the cladding layer materials, good adhesion performance with the substrate, high toughness of the bottom layers and high hardness and wear resistance of the top layer has been obtained to reduce the cracking tendency and enhance the comprehensive property of the cladding layers. Finally, defect free multi-layer functional composite coatings have been obtained.

Laser shock peening is an effective surface technology for improving the surface mechanical properties of metals. Many studies have been performed to process different kinds of metallic material that can induce compressive residual stress in the top layer of samples, which would extend the fatigue life of metal parts in the industry. The titanium alloy samples are treated by laser shock peening with water layer as constraint layer and without protective coating in this research, after which the titanium alloy samples are observed and analyzed with a scanning electron microscope, hardness tester, laser confocal microscope, and wear tester. The surface roughness, surface microstructure, and other properties of untreated and treated titanium alloy are compared to study the effect on titanium alloy of laser shock peening process without protective coating.

In this work, the effects of direct femtosecond laser nanostructuring on monocrystalline silicon (Si) wafer immersed in liquid environment were studied. Ultrashort laser exposure induced nonequilibrium states in materials triggers the morphology self- organization driven by excited electromagnetic and hydrodynamic processes, which ultimately give rise to the formation of regular nanogratings with different periodicity (Λ₁=250 nm to 300 nm, Λ₂=70±10 nm) and randomly arranged spike structures. The type of the nanotextures can be controlled by varying the laser fluence and polarization distribution of the incident laser beam studied for the cases of linearly/circularly polarized Gaussian laser beams as well as azimuthally polarized cylindrical vector beam. Through laser-induced interface chemical reactions stimulated by adding the appropriate salt/acid/molecular precursors in the process of liquid-phase Si texturing, it becomes possible to functionalize the obtained nanotextures with mono- and multi-metallic nanoparticels and/or photoluminescent chemosensing molecular probes. Adjusting laser processing parameters and component functionalizing solutions has providing a flexible approach for large-scale manufacturing that can be realized for diverse applications such as light harvesting, chemosensing, optical detection, heterogeneous catalysis and microfluidics.

Laser assisted metallization from deep eutectic solutions is a method that allows metal (Cu, Ni, Ag..) to be deposited locally from a film of deep eutectic solution using picosecond laser radiation. As a result, it is possible to create metals or oxides structures on the surface of almost any dielectric without template. The method allows creating conductive structures on curved surfaces with high resolution. This paper shows the creation of electronic components from copper on the surface of glass. We created RFID tag and other devices with a maximum deposition rate of 18mm/sec to show the opportunities of the method. The results demonstrate the advantages of the method, and the low cost of precursors, the simplicity of the method, and its environmental friendliness make it attractive for further implementation in the industry.

In this paper, the microstructure and properties of MX246A alloy laser double-sided welding were studied. Different alloy welding structures were obtained under different laser powers, and the fine-grain zone, columnar-grain zone, and equiaxed-grain zone in the welding structure were analyzed. According to the results of SEM, it was found that the width of the surface fine-grain zone was generally thin, which had little effect on the quality and properties of the welded joint. The quality and properties of the welded joint mainly depended on the proportion of columnar-grain zone and equiaxed- grain zone, as well as the grain size. Moreover, with the increase of laser power density, the number of columnar grains decreased, while the number of equiaxed grains increased. The grain size of equiaxed grains became smaller, and the structure became denser, resulting in better mechanical properties. The double-sided welding was subjected to high-temperature and room-temperature tensile tests. The Laser welding double-sided tensile properties test showed that the tensile strength was 555 MPa at room temperature and 400 MPa at 1000 °C under the laser power intensity of 1704 W/mm² . The study revealed that MX246A alloy exhibited superior tensile properties and microhardness than the substrate, while the microstructure demonstrated excellent high-temperature durability.

While current nanofabrication techniques for manipulating light at the nanoscale focus on specific geometrical patterns using nanopatterning, nanomanufacturing, and lithography, exploring phase-changing media for these purposes remains limited. Our study presents a nanostructuring platform that utilizes nonlinear light-matter interactions to achieve controllable alterations in material geometry and phase. The base material for the platform is an oxide-polymer heterostructure. Laser-induced passivation and reshaping of 2D monolayers of such structures enable gradual phase transitions with resonant optical behavior. This platform shows promise in low-power inkless laser color printing, achieving high-resolution printing with a broad color gamut.

Dielectric materials such as quartz are widely used in the field of electronics and communications, but it is difficult to process for achieving high-quality side-wall without evident defects. Femtosecond laser has ultra-short pulse width and high peak power, very suitable for micro/nano processing, which provides a feasible direction for processing high-quality quartz devices. The ultraviolet femtosecond laser processing system with the wavelength of 343 nm, the repetition frequency of 50 kHz was used to etch quartz chips. The laser spot is so small that the melt generated during the subsequent etching process cannot spill out and then deposited in the bottom, which seriously affects the efficiency of laser processing. A new etching method is proposed to change the conventional single-line path to rectangular path etching, which promotes the continuous spillage of melt during processing by expanding the etching width of the quartz surface and explore the laws of the rectangular path width for the depth, width and morphology of the processed microgroove.

The paper presents experimental results on the development of thermochemical laser technology for writing on a dual-layer a-Si/Cr film. This technology shows the possibility of manufacturing a transmitting photomask by removing the unexposed a-Si surface layer in the first selective etchant and subsequently etching the chromium layer below it in the second selective etchant. The areas of the chromium film covered with a silicide mask remain untouched during these operations. It has been shown that using a silicon cover antireflection coating (at a wavelength of 405 nm) can significantly increase the resolution of thermochemical laser writing technology. Moreover, the investigation reveals an expansion of the power range of effective laser writing during thermochemical modification of an a-Si/Cr film compared to laser writing on a Cr film, enabling smoother control of the duty cycle of the formed structures.

In designing a conical end mill with a helical front surface, the geometry of the grinding wheel has an influence on the shape of the back profile, as this study shows. For the first time, the influence of the generix of a conical circle's angle of inclination on various interference schemes has been studied. Through the combination of laser ablation and grinding, the underpoints of the helical surface were given their final shapes, indicating the standard sizes that would affect the execution's ability to be manufactured. This work will result in the engineering of a system for automated manufacturing of conical mills, as well as the development of control programs for CNC grinding and laser ablation machines. It will also enable the development of design support for cutting tool production. The work reveals analytical dependences of the value of the clearance angle, controlled at the point of the flank surface during the transition from the radius of the cutting edge to the profile section of the helical flute in the radial section, which is set from the coordinate of a parametrically defined point along the OX axis in the radial section. It has been established that the value of the radius of curvature of the cutting edge and the point of formation of the transition of the radius to the profile can significantly change the kinematic geometry of the cutter (up to nine degrees when the radius of the cutting-edge changes by 30 μmm).

In this paper, a new system for designing drills with a full parametric cycle of connection of the main parameters of the rear surface of the drill, based on the identified functional relationships between the parameters of the original tool surface and the kinematics of the movement of the drill tooth. For the first time, a mechanism for determining the shape of the back surface of a three-tooth drill with the possibility of regrinding by various methods has been established. This work will allow not only to develop design support for tool production, but also to create a system for the automatic production of three-tooth drills and writing control programs for CNC machines. The work is the first to propose an analytical mathematical model for solving the solve problem of profiling the helical groove of a twist drill and cutting edges, which is the main stage in the design of a new class of drills with a toroidal cutting surface. For the first time, a study of the field of change in the rake angle and the normal rake angle in the region of the generating surface was carried out. As a result, it was found that in the f range from [-1.2; 1] the normal rake angle γ_N for almost the entire length of the section takes values in the range [20°; 32°], with a displacement of the cutting edge f by a distance of 2.8 mm, it will be possible to obtain the geometry of the helical surface on the cutting surface in a constant range from 32° with a tolerance range of 2°.