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In this paper, we studied comparative distance detection using a Laser Rangefinder equipped with color detection and image processing techniques in air and water environments. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the performance and accuracy of the distance detection methods in these two mediums. Furthermore, color detection is employed in the air environment to identify objects within the captured images, followed by image processing techniques such as edge detection and contour analysis to calculate the distances between the objects and the Laser Range Finder. In the water environment, challenges arise due to the refractive properties of water, which can distort object appearances. To overcome this, we employ an underwater Laser Range Finder system, along with color detection and image processing methods adjusted for the refractive index of water. The findings show that the distance measurement in the air has a small error value of 0.63 %. Meanwhile, measuring distances in water has a high error value of 35.18 %. These results indicate that measurements in the air perform better than measurements in water. Water’s scattering and refractive properties caused significant deviations and higher error values. The light intensity fluctuations had minimal impact on measurements in water but were significant in water.
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