Sensitive sub-Doppler multiwave-mixing spectroscopy for flame and graphite furnace atomizers

Kenneth M. Weed; Michael J. Maniaci; William M. Tong

doi:10.1117/12.206444

7 April 1995 Sensitive sub-Doppler multiwave-mixing spectroscopy for flame and graphite furnace atomizers

Kenneth M. Weed, Michael J. Maniaci, William M. Tong

Proceedings Volume 2385, Advanced Optical Methods for Ultrasensitive Detection; (1995) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.206444
Event: Photonics West '95, 1995, San Jose, CA, United States

Abstract

Resonant degenerate four-wave mixing is presented as an unusually sensitive nonlinear laser method that yields Doppler-free spectral resolution at trace-concentration levels even when using low laser power levels. Using a non-planar four-wave mixing optical setup, one can extract the signal beam from the input beams more easily, and hence, suppress the background noise more effectively and improve signal-to- noise ratios. Optical alignment is simple and convenient for this multiphoton setup. Sub-Doppler spectral resolution allows reliable measurement of many isotope and hyperfine lines using room-pressure flame atomizers, low-pressure discharge atomizers or room-pressure graphite furnace atomizers. While maintaining sub-Doppler spectral resolution, four-wave mixing still yields parts-per-trillion level detection sensitivity using these popular analytical atomizers. While flame atomizers offer convenient and fast sample introduction, low- pressure discharge atomizers offer better spectral resolution (i.e., sub-Doppler plus sub-Lorentzian), and graphite furnace atomizers yield lower atomizer background noise. Since laser power requirements are low (e.g., mW for CW lasers and nJ for pulsed lasers), many compact lasers (e.g., solid-state lasers) could be used in this simple yet sensitive nonlinear laser method.

Citation Download Citation

Kenneth M. Weed, Michael J. Maniaci, and William M. Tong "Sensitive sub-Doppler multiwave-mixing spectroscopy for flame and graphite furnace atomizers", Proc. SPIE 2385, Advanced Optical Methods for Ultrasensitive Detection, (7 April 1995); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.206444

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