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It has been demonstrated that x rays alone can be used to pump a 1061 nm Cr,Nd:GSGG laser. Lasing action has been observed when the laser rod absorbs greater than 27 krad of 2 MeV x rays. The laser cavity consists of a corner cube and an output mirror with a reflectivity of 67%. The x rays are delivered in a 20 ns pulse, and laser action is observed several microseconds after the x ray pulse. This delay suggests that chromium is important in the laser pumping process since it is known that an excited chromium ion takes about 10 microseconds to transfer its energy to a neodymium ion.
Paul J. Brannon,M. A. Hedemann, andLouis S. Weichman
"X-ray-pumped Cr,Nd:GSGG laser", Proc. SPIE 2698, Solid State Lasers V, (25 March 1996); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.236169
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Paul J. Brannon, M. A. Hedemann, Louis S. Weichman, "X-ray-pumped Cr,Nd:GSGG laser," Proc. SPIE 2698, Solid State Lasers V, (25 March 1996); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.236169