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Photons irradiated into biological materials show interactions with cells, molecules and molecule structures, the amount of interaction being dependent on wavelength, energy density, radiation duration and properties of biological materials. Soft tissue is known to have photons strongly forward scattered, because of the inhomogeneity of its cellular and subcellular structures. The geometric dimensions of the scattering centers are in the order of wavelengths (Mie-scattering). Investigations described in this paper will show the influence of photons on single, live standard cells and how the light transmission through a monolayer cell will change within a measuring time of up to one hour and in dependence on cell intensity. Experiments were carried out in vivo with monolayers of standard bovine kidney cells by means of optical spectroscopy in a range of wavelengths from 200 nm to 1.500 nm. Cell cultures as mono cell layers in chambers of glasses were developed by a nutrient solution within 3 days. The growth of the cell layers was microscopically controlled. Details are described in the paper. Spectrophotometric measurements in visual- and near infrared range were carried out with cells on chambers of glasses (in nutrient solutions). Various effects, such as color of the nutrient solution or dying of cell regions will influence the measuring results. The measurements allow conclusions as to the determination of optimal wavelengths for an optical inspection of tissue. A photon scattering is possible preferably at the boundaries (cell faces, nuclear membrane, alteration of refractive index).
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