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In this paper, we describe up-converted luminescence and reverse saturation absorption of metalloporphyrins of CuTPPS and ZnTPPS in aluminosilicate sol-gel materials. The photo- upconversion luminescence is believed to arise from the radiative recombination of the second excited singlet (singdoublet) state. These effects are attributed to the higher excited state absorption. The dynamic analysis for the excited state processes indicates that the saturation or reverse saturation absorption is dependent on the ratio of the average absorption cross-section of the excited states to that of the ground state. The absorption cross-sections of the excited states are estimated.
Kai Dou,Xiaodong Sun,Xiao-jun Wang, andEdward T. Knobbe
"Nonlinear absorption and emission of excited states in metalloporphyrin-doped sol gels", Proc. SPIE 3136, Sol-Gel Optics IV, (2 October 1997); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.279172
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Kai Dou, Xiaodong Sun, Xiao-jun Wang, Edward T. Knobbe, "Nonlinear absorption and emission of excited states in metalloporphyrin-doped sol gels," Proc. SPIE 3136, Sol-Gel Optics IV, (2 October 1997); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.279172