Real-time-controlled epitaxy of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) using a standard pyrometer

Gerhard Boehm; Markus Hauser; Markus Sexl; Guenther Traenkle; Guenter Weimann; Gerhard Abstreiter

doi:10.1117/12.305452

20 April 1998 Real-time-controlled epitaxy of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) using a standard pyrometer

Gerhard Boehm, Markus Hauser, Markus Sexl, Guenther Traenkle, Guenter Weimann, Gerhard Abstreiter

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 3286, Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers II; (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.305452
Event: Optoelectronics and High-Power Lasers and Applications, 1998, San Jose, CA, United States

Abstract

For the reproducible growth of VCSELs by MBE a growth rate control of better than +/- 0.3 percent is necessary. To achieve this high accuracy, a real-time monitoring of the growth is essential. In our work on 0.98 micrometers VCSELs the standard pyrometer read-out is used as a simple and inexpensive tool to maintain the center wavelength of the Bragg reflectors as well as the cavity resonance precisely within +/- 2 nm. During growth the pyrometer signal is oscillating mainly for layers with different refractive indices. The correlation of the phase information and the period of the oscillation with ex-situ reflection measurements obtained in a series of calibration samples provides precise information on the actual growth rate. Practically this is done by fitting real-time the minima and maxima of the oscillating temperature. The obtained information can be used to adjust the growth rates by varying the source temperatures. For the regrowth of patterned laser structures this technique proved successful as well.

Citation Download Citation

Gerhard Boehm, Markus Hauser, Markus Sexl, Guenther Traenkle, Guenter Weimann, and Gerhard Abstreiter "Real-time-controlled epitaxy of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) using a standard pyrometer", Proc. SPIE 3286, Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers II, (20 April 1998); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.305452

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