Nonlinear optical crystal development for laser wavelength shifting at AFRL Materials Directorate

Nils C. Fernelius; Frank Kenneth Hopkins; M. C. Ohmer

doi:10.1117/12.351399

28 June 1999 Nonlinear optical crystal development for laser wavelength shifting at AFRL Materials Directorate

Nils C. Fernelius, Frank Kenneth Hopkins, M. C. Ohmer

Proceedings Volume 3793, Operational Characteristics and Crystal Growth of Nonlinear Optical Materials; (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.351399
Event: SPIE's International Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation, 1999, Denver, CO, United States

Abstract

Our objective is to develop crystals that shift the light from well developed laser sources to application specific wavelengths which may be tunable. Military applications extend across the entire spectrum from ultraviolet through the far-infrared but our greatest interest has been in materials for the mid-IR (3-5 μm) and far-IR (8-12 μm) atmospheric windows. Our primary applications that drive crystal development are infrared countermeasures and remote sensing of chemical and biological warfare agents. To achieve these results we have pursued two tracks: birefringent bulk materials and quasi-phase-matched structures. Birefringent studies include the grey track problem in KTiOPO₄ (KTP) plus growth of its isomorphs, KTIOAsO₄ (KTA), RbTiOAsO₄ (RTA), CsTiOAsO₄ (CTA), and K_xRb_1-xTiOPO₄ (KRTA); chalcopyrites: ZnGeP₂, CdGeAs₂, AgGaS₂, AgGaSe₂, AgGa_(1-x)In_xSe₂, AgGaTe₂; plus GaSE, and HgGa₂S₄. A small portion of the effort is pursuing UV materials, the foremost being the borates MM'(B₃O₅)₃ where M=Sr, Ba, Pb; M'=Li,Na. Previously, work was done on LiB₃O₅ (LBO), β-bonding (GaAs), by periodic poling (LiNbO₃, LiTaO₃, KTP, BaTiO₃) and by periodic doping. Th cover the 4.5-5.0 μm band, work is being done on RTA and Pb{Mg_xNb_yTi_1-x-y}O₃ (PMNT). For periodic poling in the 8-12 μm region studies are being made on CGC (CsGeCl₃), CGB (CsGeBr₃), Tl₃PbBr₅, Tl₄PbI₆ and Tl₄HgI₆. QPM can also be obtained using total internal reflection devices (GaAs, ZnSe).

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Nils C. Fernelius, Frank Kenneth Hopkins, and M. C. Ohmer "Nonlinear optical crystal development for laser wavelength shifting at AFRL Materials Directorate", Proc. SPIE 3793, Operational Characteristics and Crystal Growth of Nonlinear Optical Materials, (28 June 1999); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.351399

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