In-situ plasma diagnostic investigations of single-wall carbon nanotube synthesis by laser ablation of C-Ni-Co targets

David B. Geohegan; Alexander A. Puretzky; Xudong Fan; Michael A. Guillorn; Michael L. Simpson; Vladimir I. Merkulov; Stephen J. Pennycook

doi:10.1117/12.380791

23 March 2000 In-situ plasma diagnostic investigations of single-wall carbon nanotube synthesis by laser ablation of C-Ni-Co targets

David B. Geohegan, Alexander A. Puretzky, Xudong Fan, Michael A. Guillorn, Michael L. Simpson, Vladimir I. Merkulov, Stephen J. Pennycook

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 3935, Laser Plasma Generation and Diagnostics; (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.380791
Event: Symposium on High-Power Lasers and Applications, 2000, San Jose, CA, United States

Abstract

Single-wall carbon nanotubes are formed by Nd:YAG laser vaporization of a graphite/(1 at.% Ni, 1 at.% Co) target into flowing argon (500 Torr) within a quartz tube furnace (1000 degrees Celsius). Here, this process is investigated for the first time with time-resolved laser-induced luminescence imaging and spectroscopy of Co atoms, C₂ and C₃ molecules, and clusters. These measurements under actual synthesis conditions show that the plume of vaporized material is segregated and confined within a vortex ring which maintains an approximately 1 cm³ volume for several seconds. Using time-resolved spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging, the time for conversion of atomic and molecular species to clusters was measured for both carbon (200 microseconds) and cobalt (2 ms). This rapid conversion of carbon to nanoparticles, combined with transmission electron microscopy analysis of the collected deposits, indicate that nanotube growth occurs during several seconds of time from a feedstock of mixed nanoparticles in the gas-suspended plume. By adjusting the time spent by the plume within the high- temperature zone using these in situ diagnostics, single- walled nanotubes of controlled length were grown at an estimated rate of 0.2 micrometers /s.

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David B. Geohegan, Alexander A. Puretzky, Xudong Fan, Michael A. Guillorn, Michael L. Simpson, Vladimir I. Merkulov, and Stephen J. Pennycook "In-situ plasma diagnostic investigations of single-wall carbon nanotube synthesis by laser ablation of C-Ni-Co targets", Proc. SPIE 3935, Laser Plasma Generation and Diagnostics, (23 March 2000); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.380791

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