Using alpha-interferon as an adjunctive therapy to reduce the dose of energy required with photodynamic therapy in treating human bladder tumors: cell culture results

David Hall; Unyime O. Nseyo M.D.; Dale Riggs; Barbara Jackson; Donald L. Lamm

doi:10.1117/12.413705

31 January 2001 Using alpha-interferon as an adjunctive therapy to reduce the dose of energy required with photodynamic therapy in treating human bladder tumors: cell culture results

David Hall, Unyime O. Nseyo M.D., Dale Riggs, Barbara Jackson, Donald L. Lamm

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 4156, Clinical Lasers and Diagnostics; (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.413705
Event: EOS/SPIE European Biomedical Optics Week, 2000, Amsterdam, Netherlands

Abstract

Carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the bladder has long been known as an aggressive killer. Because of the high degree of progression to muscle invasion and the high rate of occult early metastasis, early radical cystectomy had been the preferred treatment, a highly morbid procedure. Even now, with routine use of continent diversions or oithotopic bladder replacements, most patients would agree that there is still a great deal of morbidity associated with this treatment.

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David Hall, Unyime O. Nseyo M.D., Dale Riggs, Barbara Jackson, and Donald L. Lamm "Using alpha-interferon as an adjunctive therapy to reduce the dose of energy required with photodynamic therapy in treating human bladder tumors: cell culture results", Proc. SPIE 4156, Clinical Lasers and Diagnostics, (31 January 2001); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.413705

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