Watermarking 2D-vector data for geographical information systems

Michael Voigt; Christoph Busch

doi:10.1117/12.465322

29 April 2002 Watermarking 2D-vector data for geographical information systems

Michael Voigt, Christoph Busch

Proceedings Volume 4675, Security and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents IV; (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.465322
Event: Electronic Imaging, 2002, San Jose, California, United States

Abstract

This paper deals with the issue of watermarking 2D-vector data which are used in Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The watermark is embedded in the tolerance range of the coordinates, where one bit of the watermarking information is represented by one PN-sequence, whose elements consist of the two values +tolerance and - tolerance. To robustly embed one bit of the watermarking information the length of the PN-sequence has to be much greater than the square maximum coordinate value leading to non-acceptable sequence lengths due to high coordinate values. To achieve a PN-sequence length that is suitable to the size of the data domain we do not consider the whole coordinate value but only those decimal digit positions of the coordinate value, where changes are significant but not violating the tolerance requirements. Due to this restriction on a smaller range of values, overflow and underflow has to be considered during the embedding process. Within the retrieval process we first extract this fraction of the coordinate value before correlating it with the PN- sequence. The proposed method is robust against attackers changing the coordinates within the tolerance range.

Citation Download Citation

Michael Voigt and Christoph Busch "Watermarking 2D-vector data for geographical information systems", Proc. SPIE 4675, Security and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents IV, (29 April 2002); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.465322

ACCESS THE FULL ARTICLE

INSTITUTIONAL
Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.

SELECT YOUR INSTITUTION

PERSONAL
Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.

PERSONAL SIGN IN

No SPIE Account? Create one

PURCHASE THIS CONTENT

SUBSCRIBE TO DIGITAL LIBRARY

50 downloads per 1-year subscription

Members: $195

Non-members: $335 ADD TO CART

25 downloads per 1 - year subscription

Members: $145

Non-members: $250 ADD TO CART

PURCHASE SINGLE ARTICLE

Includes PDF, HTML & Video, when available