Edge-preserving smoothing and segmentation of 4D images via transversely isotropic scale-space processing and fingerprint analysis

Bryan W. Reutter; V. Ralph Algazi; Grant T. Gullberg; Ronald H. Huesman

doi:10.1117/12.535761

12 May 2004 Edge-preserving smoothing and segmentation of 4D images via transversely isotropic scale-space processing and fingerprint analysis

Bryan W. Reutter, V. Ralph Algazi, Grant T. Gullberg, Ronald H. Huesman

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 5370, Medical Imaging 2004: Image Processing; (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.535761
Event: Medical Imaging 2004, 2004, San Diego, California, United States

Abstract

Enhancements are described for an approach that unifies edge preserving smoothing with segmentation of time sequences of volumetric images, based on differential edge detection at multiple spatial and temporal scales. Potential applications of these 4-D methods include segmentation of respiratory gated positron emission tomography (PET) transmission images to improve accuracy of attenuation correction for imaging heart and lung lesions, and segmentation of dynamic cardiac single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images to facilitate unbiased estimation of time-activity curves and kinetic parameters for left ventricular volumes of interest. Improved segmentation of lung surfaces in simulated respiratory gated cardiac PET transmission images is achieved with a 4-D edge detection operator composed of edge preserving 1-D operators applied in various spatial and temporal directions. Smoothing along the axis of a 1-D operator is driven by structure separation seen in the scale-space fingerprint, rather than by image contrast. Spurious noise structures are reduced with use of small-scale isotropic smoothing in directions transverse to the 1-D operator axis. Analytic expressions are obtained for directional derivatives of the smoothed, edge preserved image, and the expressions are used to compose a 4-D operator that detects edges as zero-crossings in the second derivative in the direction of the image intensity gradient. Additional improvement in segmentation is anticipated with use of multiscale transversely isotropic smoothing and a novel interpolation method that improves the behavior of the directional derivatives. The interpolation method is demonstrated on a simulated 1-D edge and incorporation of the method into the 4-D algorithm is described.

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Bryan W. Reutter, V. Ralph Algazi, Grant T. Gullberg, and Ronald H. Huesman "Edge-preserving smoothing and segmentation of 4D images via transversely isotropic scale-space processing and fingerprint analysis", Proc. SPIE 5370, Medical Imaging 2004: Image Processing, (12 May 2004); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.535761

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KEYWORDS

Image segmentation

Smoothing

Edge detection

Lung

Positron emission tomography

Image processing

Linear filtering

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