Real-time windowing in imaging radar using FPGA technique

Volodymyr I. Ponomaryov; Enrique Escamilla-Hernandez

doi:10.1117/12.596633

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25 February 2005 Real-time windowing in imaging radar using FPGA technique

Volodymyr I. Ponomaryov, Enrique Escamilla-Hernandez

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Proceedings Volume 5671, Real-Time Imaging IX; (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.596633
Event: Electronic Imaging 2005, 2005, San Jose, California, United States

Abstract

The imaging radar uses the high frequency electromagnetic waves reflected from different objects for estimating of its parameters. Pulse compression is a standard signal processing technique used to minimize the peak transmission power and to maximize SNR, and to get a better resolution. Usually the pulse compression can be achieved using a matched filter. The level of the side-lobes in the imaging radar can be reduced using the special weighting function processing. There are very known different weighting functions: Hamming, Hanning, Blackman, Chebyshev, Blackman-Harris, Kaiser-Bessel, etc., widely used in the signal processing applications. Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) offers great benefits like instantaneous implementation, dynamic reconfiguration, design, and field programmability. This reconfiguration makes FPGAs a better solution over custom-made integrated circuits. This work aims at demonstrating a reasonably flexible implementation of FM-linear signal and pulse compression using Matlab, Simulink, and System Generator. Employing FPGA and mentioned software we have proposed the pulse compression design on FPGA using classical and novel windows technique to reduce the side-lobes level. This permits increasing the detection ability of the small or nearly placed targets in imaging radar. The advantage of FPGA that can do parallelism in real time processing permits to realize the proposed algorithms. The paper also presents the experimental results of proposed windowing procedure in the marine radar with such the parameters: signal is linear FM (Chirp); frequency deviation DF is 9.375MHz; the pulse width T is 3.2μs; taps number in the matched filter is 800 taps; sampling frequency 253.125*10⁶ MHz. It has been realized the reducing of side-lobes levels in real time permitting better resolution of the small targets.

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Volodymyr I. Ponomaryov and Enrique Escamilla-Hernandez "Real-time windowing in imaging radar using FPGA technique", Proc. SPIE 5671, Real-Time Imaging IX, (25 February 2005); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.596633

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