Chance and limit of imaging of articular cartilage in vitro in healthy and arthritic joints: DEI (diffraction enhanced imaging) in comparison with MRI, CT, and ultrasound

Andreas F. Wagner M.D.; Matthias Aurich M.D.; Marco Stoessel; Norbert Sieber M.D.; Wolf-Dieter Wetzel; Jurgen Mollenhauer; Klaus Schmuck; Carol Muehleman M.D.; Michael Lohmann; Bernd Reime; Joachim Metge; Paola Coan; Alberto Bravin; Fulvia Arfelli; Luigi Rigon; Ralf-Henrik Menk

doi:10.1117/12.589614

14 April 2005 Chance and limit of imaging of articular cartilage in vitro in healthy and arthritic joints: DEI (diffraction enhanced imaging) in comparison with MRI, CT, and ultrasound

Andreas F. Wagner M.D., Matthias Aurich M.D., Marco Stoessel, Norbert Sieber M.D., Wolf-Dieter Wetzel, Jurgen Mollenhauer, Klaus Schmuck, Carol Muehleman M.D., Michael Lohmann, Bernd Reime, Joachim Metge, Paola Coan, Alberto Bravin, Fulvia Arfelli, Luigi Rigon, Ralf-Henrik Menk

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 5746, Medical Imaging 2005: Physiology, Function, and Structure from Medical Images; (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.589614
Event: Medical Imaging, 2005, San Diego, California, United States

Abstract

Description of purpose: Treatment of osteoarthritis in stages of reversible disease requires high resolution visualization of early cartilage damage and of subchondral bone. Here, DEI (Diffraction Enhanced Imaging) is compared to MRI, computed X-ray tomography (CT) and ultrasound (UI) in its ability to detect early degeneration of articular cartilage. In contrast to conventional absorptive X-ray examination where cartilage is poorly visible DEI captures cartilage by detection of selected refraction. Methods: Human femoral heads were investigated by macroscopic inspection, conventional X-ray examination, DEI, MRI, CT, UI and histology. DEI is an imaging technique applying a monochromatic parallel synchrotron X-ray beam. Image features were verified by histology. Results: DEI, MRI and ultrasound lead to interpretable images of cartilage. Of all techniques, DEI provided highest image resolution revealing the structural tissue architecture. MRI needs a very long exposure time (more than 5 hours) to achieve comparable quality. Application of ultrasound is limited because of joint geometry and, at high sound frequency, the necessity of close contact between cartilage and transducer. DEI is an experimental technique which needs synchrotron radiation. Conclusion: DEI is a very promising imaging technique for visualization of cartilage and bone. It may serve as an excellent analytical tool for experimental studies. Our pictures show a part of future of optimised techniques for imaging. Synchrotron based DEI may lead the way towards optimisation of improved techniques for imaging. Upon development of adequate small scale X-ray sources, DEI will also be an important supplementation for medical imaging.

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Andreas F. Wagner M.D., Matthias Aurich M.D., Marco Stoessel, Norbert Sieber M.D., Wolf-Dieter Wetzel, Jurgen Mollenhauer, Klaus Schmuck, Carol Muehleman M.D., Michael Lohmann, Bernd Reime, Joachim Metge, Paola Coan, Alberto Bravin, Fulvia Arfelli, Luigi Rigon, and Ralf-Henrik Menk "Chance and limit of imaging of articular cartilage in vitro in healthy and arthritic joints: DEI (diffraction enhanced imaging) in comparison with MRI, CT, and ultrasound", Proc. SPIE 5746, Medical Imaging 2005: Physiology, Function, and Structure from Medical Images, (14 April 2005); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.589614

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