Two-photon characterization and microscopy of porphyrin photosensitisers

Sean Mathai; Damian K. Bird; Stan S. Stylli; Trevor A. Smith; Kenneth P. Ghiggino

doi:10.1117/12.707559

27 February 2007 Two-photon characterization and microscopy of porphyrin photosensitisers

Sean Mathai, Damian K. Bird, Stan S. Stylli, Trevor A. Smith, Kenneth P. Ghiggino

Proceedings Volume 6442, Multiphoton Microscopy in the Biomedical Sciences VII; 64421L (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.707559
Event: SPIE BiOS, 2007, San Jose, California, United States

Abstract

The benefits of two-photon fluorescence microscopy of biological samples are vast arising from the utilisation of low energy light. The two-photon absorption cross sections (σ₂) of the di-cation free-base and metallated forms of hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD), hematoporphyrin IX (Hp9) and a boronated protoporphyrin (BOPP) are obtained to ascertain their effectiveness as fluorophores for use in two-photon microscopy. The open-aperture Z-scan and the two-photon induced fluorescence (TPIF) techniques, each capable of providing information regarding the nonlinear absorption, are employed to determine σ₂ of the various porphyrins at an excitation wavelength of 800 nm. A significant disparity in the determined values of σ₂ using the two methods is observed. This is largely attributed to the common requirement of higher concentrations used in the open aperture Z-scan method compared with TPIF techniques. Values of σ₂ obtained from the Z-scan experiments are in the order of 10 GM, whilst those obtained from the TPIF experiments are in the order of 200 GM. Insertion of either protons or metal ions into the macrocycle does not enhance the σ₂ of the porphyrins. Successful two-photon induced fluorescence imaging of BOPP free-base loaded G6 glioma cells is achieved, confirming the usefulness of this porphyrin in two-photon microscopy.

Citation Download Citation

Sean Mathai, Damian K. Bird, Stan S. Stylli, Trevor A. Smith, and Kenneth P. Ghiggino "Two-photon characterization and microscopy of porphyrin photosensitisers", Proc. SPIE 6442, Multiphoton Microscopy in the Biomedical Sciences VII, 64421L (27 February 2007); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.707559

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