Diversity and cold adaptation of microorganisms isolated from the Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica

Nazia Mojib; Asim K. Bej; Richard Hoover

doi:10.1117/12.795394

2 September 2008 Diversity and cold adaptation of microorganisms isolated from the Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica

Nazia Mojib, Asim K. Bej, Richard Hoover

Proceedings Volume 7097, Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology XI; 70970K (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.795394
Event: Optical Engineering + Applications, 2008, San Diego, California, United States

Abstract

We have investigated the feasibility of the PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA genes from eubacteria and Archea on samples collected on Whatman FTA filters from Schirmacher Oasis for the study of culture-independent analysis of the microbial diversity. Both conventional PCR and real-time Taqma^TM PCR successfully amplified the targeted genes. A number of diverse groups of psychrotolerant microorganisms with various pigments have been isolated when cultured on agar medium. 16S rRNA gene analysis of these isolates helped us to identify closest taxonomic genus Pseudomonas, Frigoribacterium, Arthrobacter, Flavobacterium, and Janthinobacterium. It is possible that the pigments play protective role from solar UV radiation, which is prevalent in Antarctic continent especially during Austral summer months. Study of the expression of cold adaptive protein CapB and ice-binding protein IBP using western blots showed positive detection of both or either of these proteins in 6 out of 8 isolates. Since the CapB and IBP protein structure greatly varies in microorganisms, it is possible that the 2 isolates with negative results could have a different class of these proteins. The expression of the CapB and the IBP in these isolates suggest that these proteins are essential for the survival in the Antarctic cold and subzero temperatures and protect themselves from freeze-damage. The current study provided sufficient data to further investigate the rich and diverse biota of psychrotolerant extremophiles in the Antarctic Schirmacher Oasis using both culture-independent and culture-based approaches; and understand the mechanisms of cold tolerance.

Citation Download Citation

Nazia Mojib, Asim K. Bej, and Richard Hoover "Diversity and cold adaptation of microorganisms isolated from the Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica", Proc. SPIE 7097, Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology XI, 70970K (2 September 2008); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.795394

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