PDT driven by energy-converting materials: a theoretical analysis

Jarod C. Finlay

doi:10.1117/12.809040

Abstract

Materials have been developed which absorb radiation of one energy and emit light of another. We present a theoretical analysis of the use of these materials as light sources for photodynamic therapy (PDT). The advantage of this strategy is that radiation of higher particle energy (e.g. x ray or electron beam) or lower photon energy (e.g. infra-red) may have more favorable penetration in tissue or more readily available radiation sources than the radiation absorbed by the sensetizer. Our analysis is based on the transfer of energy from radiation fields to visible light. We analyze two scenarios: PDT pumped by (1) infrared light in a two-photon process and (2) ionizing radiation. In each case, we assume that the converting material and the sensitizer are matched sufficiently that the transfer of energy between them is essentially lossless. For the infinite and semiinfinite geometries typically used in PDT, we calculate the resulting photodynamic dose distribution, and compare it to the dose distribution expected for conventional PDT. We also calculate the dose of the incident beam (ionizing or infrared radiation) required to produce PDT-induced tumoricidal effects, and evaluate the expected toxicity in surrounding normal tissue. The toxicity is assumed to arise from thermal effects and acute ionizing radiation effects, for infrared and ionizing radiation, respectively. Our results predict that ionizing radiation will produce dose-limiting toxicity in most conventional geometries as a result of the high toxicity per unit energy of ionizing radiation. For infrared radiation, we predict that the toxicity can be moderated by proper choice of sensitizer and irradiation geometry and fractionation.

Citation Download Citation

Jarod C. Finlay, Jarod C. Finlay, } "PDT driven by energy-converting materials: a theoretical analysis", Proc. SPIE 7164, Optical Methods for Tumor Treatment and Detection: Mechanisms and Techniques in Photodynamic Therapy XVIII, 71640Y (18 February 2009); doi: 10.1117/12.809040; https://doi.org/10.1117/12.809040

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