Based on the structures and characteristics of AM-OLED, a video display system is designed, which is focused on microdisplay chip SVGA050 and PIC18LF2550-based master controller. Registers' parameters of each module can be configured through the I²C serial bus of the master controller, then both formats of VGA and CVBS video inputs information can be correctly displayed on the AM-OLED, which will meet most of demand or requirement of the video source information display. Through the experiments of the hardware system, we have confirmed the effectiveness of the proposal.

The effect of intracavity aberrated perturbation on output mode structure properties of passive confocal unstable resonator is been experimentally researched by adopting Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor and Zernike modal wavefront reconstruction on the basis of numerical simulation. Results show that intracavity perturbation such as mirror tilt and misadjustment in the vertical axis notablely affects outcoupled mode properties, and will also increase some high-order aberrations of beam phase properties. However, low-order Zernike tilt aberration is the main component when phase-tilted perturbation is introduced into the resonator. Defocus (Z₃), astigmatism (Z₄ or Z₅) and coma aberration (Z₆ or Z₇) will all be brought, and also such high-order aberration included in wavefront will directly degrade output beam quality for larger Fresnel number unstable resonators. When wavefront corrector is used for intracavity aberrated compensation, low-order aberration should be considered preferentially.

UV/VIS light absorption spectrophotometry has been used in many fields.The technique makes it convenient for us to study the quality of waters on the whole. The relationship between the UV/VIS spectroscopy tested by UV-1700 and the quality of water is the object which we had analysed. And the pollution indicators under the UV/VIS light absorption spectrophotometry was defined to study waters in different areas ,surroundings and different times. The results indicate that : Turbidity is not wavelength specific and it can be taken out of the analysis of the organic pollutions. The surroundings with more trees or water plants will affect the quality of waters in the aspect of defined pollution indicators. Some other conclusions will be told later.

In this paper, thermodynamics method was used to calculate the growth of GaN_1-xP_x ternary alloys on (0001) GaN/sapphire substrates and the solubility of phosphorus in GaN by using the Gibbs free energy theory was calculated. The calculated results show that great deviation from linearity between the input mole ratio R and the equilibrium partial pressures, and the content of P in GaN varies with the growth temperature and the boundary of the spinodal isotherm shifts from x=0.06 to x=0.25 at the growth temperature of 1200K as the strain factor increases from 0 to 1, indicating that the strain in the GaN_1-xP_x layers can suppress the phase separation. Meanwhile, with the increase of the effective elastic parameters of GaN and GaP, the available maximum P content also increases slightly at the growth temperature.

Optical waveguide coupler is the basic component in integration optics. For reducing the scale of the 1×3 MMI coupler in SOI, several kinds novel structure couplers are analyzed. The structure factor changes are simulated by means of effective index method (EIM) and two dimensional beam propagation method (2D-BPM). In the simulation, the rib waveguide with large cross-section is used, and the width of MMI region is designed to be 100μm while the height and the etching depth is 10μm and 4μm, respectively. Symmetric interference structure is applied in the device. The width of MMI region is changed in horizontal direction from general straight shape to linear, exponential or parabolically taper shape, and the etching depth of MMI region is increased in perpendicular direction. The simulation results are as follows. The lengths of the device with the linear, exponential or parabolically taper structure are reduced between 30% to 50%, compared with that of conventional structure, but the device performance factors, including the excess loss and the uniformity, are both deteriorated. The excess loss and the length of deeply-etched MMI coupler are both better than conventional structure ones, and the uniformity is similar, but the length of the device is reduced only about 5% while the etching depth is increased 2μm. Moreover, the optimized methods of two different directions are combined in the simulation. Deeply-etched linear tapered MMI coupler shows that the length is reduced about 42%, the excess loss is increased 0.32dB, the uniformity is increased 0.1dB. Deeply-etched parabolically tapered MMI coupler shows that the length is reduced about 52%, the excess loss is increased 0.81dB, the uniformity is increased 0.01dB. Deeply-etched exponential tapered MMI coupler shows that the length is reduced about 46%, the excess loss is increased 0.47dB, the uniformity is increased 0.003dB. The effects of waveguide structure parameters and surroundings temperature on the excess loss of this coupler are analyzed.

With the development of computers and the techniques of dealing with pictures and computer optical measurement, various measuring techniques are maturing gradually on the basis of optical picture processing technique and using in practice. On the bases, we make use of the many years' experience and social needs in temperature measurement and computer vision measurement to come up with the completely automatic way of the temperature measurement meter with integration of the computer vision measuring technique. It realizes synchronization collection with theory temperature value, improves calibration efficiency. based on least square fitting principle, integrate data procession and the best optimize theory, rapidly and accurately realizes automation acquisition and calibration of temperature.

Pressurizer is one of the most important components in the nuclear reactor system. Its function is to keep the pressure of the primary circuit. It can prevent shutdown of the system from the reactor accident under the normal transient state while keeping the setting value in the normal run-time. This paper is mainly research on the pressure system which is running in the Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant. A conventional PID controller and a fuzzy controller are designed through analyzing the dynamic characteristics and calculating the transfer function. Then a fuzzy PID controller is designed by analyzing the results of two controllers. The fuzzy PID controller achieves the optimal control system finally.

Two kinds of subwavelength hole arrays in metallic films are designed in order to verify the important role of the periodicity in enhanced transmission of light. The samples were fabricated by focused ion beam(FIB). In both structures, the hole diameter d are kept the same: d=220nm. The measured optical spectra show that the quasiperiodic hole arrays exhibit an enhanced transmission peak centered at 707nm with a transmission intensity of about 20%, while no plasmon resonance peak is found for the amorphous hole arrays. These phenomena indicate the important role of the long-range structural order (in particular, the periodicity) in assisting the coupling of incident light wave with the surface plasmon modes of the metallic structures.

An advanced fiber point diffraction interferometer (FPDI) for measuring spherical surface has been developed. It is designed for measuring EUV spherical mirrors with high precision. The quality of the diffraction wavefront, which acts as the referenced wave in the FPDI, is crucial for the measurement accuracy. To estimate the accuracy of FPDI, the theory model for an optical fiber point diffraction source is presented and then numerical calculation is used for analysis. Several key techniques are proposed and analyzed, such as design of short coherence length laser source and interference image processing. The laboratory apparatus has been put up to measure spherical surface in experiment. The results show that the interferometer has achieved worthy measurement precision and has great development potential.

Electric-field-induced effective anchoring energy in nematic liquid crystal is investigated taking surface and flexoelectric polarization into consideration. The analytical expressions of effective anchoring energy for both bottom and upper substrate, containing these two polarizations, are derived. The effective anchoring strength for both bottom and upper substrate is also obtained by means of a systematic method, which is relevant to magnitude of two polarizations and determined by the applied voltage U. Applying the obtained expressions into an original weak anchoring hybrid aligned nematic cell, the effective anchoring strength are determined with the different magnitudes of two polarizations and the different applied voltage U.

A new method for accurate measurement of content of textile mixture by use of Fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy is put forward. The near infrared spectra of 56 samples with different cotton and polyester contents were obtained, in which 41 samples, 10 samples and 5 samples were used for the calibration set, validation set and prediction set respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) was utilized for the spectra data compression. Principal component regression (PCR) model was developed. It indicates that the MAE is within 2.9% and the RMSE is less than 3.6% for the validation samples, which is suitable for the prediction of unknown samples. The PCR model was applied to predict unknown samples. Experimental results show that this approach by use of Fourier transform Near Infrared Spectroscopy can be used to quantitative analysis for textile fiber.

Optical absorption and photoluminescence properties of Yb³⁺-Ho³⁺ co-doped tellurite-phosphate glasses have been investigated. Up-conversion emissions have been observed at 540nm (green) and 650nm (red) at room temperature. The effect of host composition on up-conversion luminescence has been studied by analyzing the phenomenological Judd-Ofelt parameters Ωλ (λ = 2,4,6) as well as radiative transition probability and emission cross sections of ⁵F₄ (⁵S₂) and ⁵F₅ levels in these glasses samples. Obtained data indicated that the green transition rapidly decreased relative to the red transition with increasing phosphate concentration, which can be attributed to increasing population of ⁵F₄ (⁵S₂) and ⁵F₅ levels due to increasing host phonon energy. So, the color of up-conversion emission can be modulated by changed host composition. The effect of Ho³⁺ concentration on up-conversion emission was also studied in Yb³⁺-Ho³⁺ co-doped tellurite glasses. The red transition rapidly decreased relative to the green transition with increasing Ho³⁺ concentration. We attributed it to the lower phonon energy of tellurite glass host.

Polymer microspheres with functional groups are attractive for a wide number of applications, including supporting phases for separation science, biomedical devices, casting additives and controlled release reservoirs. In this paper, Poly(divinylbenzene-co-4-vinylpyridine)(Ploy(DVB-co-4-Vpy)) microspheres with functional pyridyl was prepared by distillation-precipitation polymerization and precipitation polymerization separately when 2,2'-Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator in net acetonitrile. The feature of microspheres was characterized by TEM while the loading capacity of nitrogen on microspheres' surface and the hydrophilicity were measured by back titration and contact angle measurement. Under the same crosslinking degree, the microspheres prepared by distillation-precipitation polymerization had better feature, smoother surface, more functional groups and better hydrophilicity but lower yields than the ones prepared by precipitation polymerization.

The basic principle of light-section method is described in this paper, which is used for 3-dimensional surface measurement usually. According to the line-covered and line-broken questions in image acquisition, we proposed a data recovery method based on two-CCD technology. Firstly, images are obtained by two CCDs which are of symmetrical installation. Then, a weighted image fusion method is used for data fusion of two images, the data processing algorithm and the key steps are described in detail. Finally, the experiment is conducted on practical images, and the result shows good performance.

A novel and sensitive electrochemical DNA biosensor based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes functionalized with a thio group (MWNTs-SH) and gold nanoparticles (GNPs) for covalent DNA immobilization and enhanced hybridization detection is described. The key step for developing this novel DNA biosensor is to cut the pristine MWNT into short and generate lots of active sites simultaneously. With this approach, the target DNA could be quantified in a linear range from 8.5×10^-10 to 1.5×10^-5 mol/L, with a detection limit of 1.67×10^-11 mol/L by 3σ.

A novel inorganic-organic hybrid polymer microspheres were facilely synthesised by distillation-precipitation polymerization in absence of any stabilizer or surfcant. The process were conducted with [3-(Methacryloyloxy) propyl] trimethoxysilan (MPS) as monomer, divinyl benzene (DVB) as cross linking agent and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initator in acetonitrile. A series of silica nanoparticles were prepared in accordance with the volume ratio of MPS, which was varied in the range of 10% to 50%. However, there is no microspheres obtained while the ratio up to 50%. Products were charactered by transmission electron micrograph (TEM) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). We may infer it from the constructional formular and FTIR graph that there were silicon hydroxyl remained in the microsphere surface.

A polymer microspheres carried DNA probe, which was based on resonance energy transfer, was presented in this paper when CdTe quantum dots(QDs) were as energy donors, Au nanoparticles were as energy accepters and poly(4- vinylpyrindine-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) microspheres were as carriers. Polymer microspheres with functional group on surfaces were prepared by distillation-precipitation polymerization when ethylene glycol dimethacrylate was as crosslinker in acetonitrile. CdTe QDs were prepared when 3-mercaptopropionic acid(MPA) was as the stabilizer in aqueous solution. Because of the hydrogen-bonding between the carboxyl groups of MPA on QDs and the pyrindine groups on the microspheres, the QDs were self-assembled onto the surfaces of microspheres. Then, the other parts of DNA probe were finished according to the classic method. The DNA detection results indicated that this novel fluorescent DNA probe system could recognize the existence of complementary target DNA or not.

Liquid drop fingerprint can be obtained through fiber-capacitive drop analysis technology as the fiber signal changes with the drop volume which can be represented by the capacitive signal during the drop growth. However, if the fiber or capacitive signals are filtered by the normal low-pass filter method, the fingerprint would be distorted because of the capacitive signal's saw-tooth style and fiber signal's periodically abrupt property. In the paper the subsection-filtering method is explored and analyzed, in which firstly separates the signals according to drop growth period and then filters every subsection respectively. Experiments improves that it is an effective way to solve the signal distortion problem, which usually happens when filters the fiber or capacitive signal during the signal mutation period.

Practical ability means physical and psychological characteristics that ensure the individual to make use of the knowledge and skills to solve the practical problems smoothly. Only with practical ability, the man can sum up experience from practice, at the same time he can identify problems and make innovation. This article describes the meaning and characteristics of practice and introduces how to build the capacity of the practical ability of students in foreign university. As well as the article put forward how to set up a practical training teaching system which can improve practical ability of college students and a series of training programs to help Chinese universities students to improve the student's practical ability and cultivate student's with a strong practical ability and high-quality talent.

A new Gemini nonionic surfactant was prepared, taking anhydrous glucose, glycol, maleic anhydride, lauric acid as main materials, and the reaction was carried out by three steps. Firstly, glycol glucoside was synthesized by the direct glycosidation of the anhydrous glucose with glycol in the presence of acidic catalyst. The synthesis and the characterization of this have been reported previously.Secondly, reaction intermediate was prepared by ring opening reaction of maleic anhydride with glycol glucoside. The last, primary hydroxyl group in glucose of reaction intermediate was esterified with lauric acid for synthesis of target product. It was analyzed and characterized by IR, ¹HNMR and ¹³CNMR. Besides, the critical micelle concentration (cmc) and the corresponding surface tension of the target product were measured to be 8.87×10^-3molL^-1 and 20.70mNm^-1 (20°C), respectively.

An acid thickener, poly (AMPS-co-DMC) was synthesized using water aqueous solution polymerization of these monomers such as 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and [2-(Methacryloyloxy) ethyl] trimethylammonium chloride (DMC), with ammonium persulfate and sodium sulfite redox system as initiator, while at 65°C, 25% of the total concentration of monomer, initiator dosage of 1.6% for the monomer mass and nitrogen protection condition. The paper discussed the property evaluation of poly(AMPS-co-DMC), it was shown that poly (AMPS-co-DMC) had good acid solubility (time for dissolving in acid is 21 min); acid containing 5.0% of poly(AMPSco-DMC) had a viscosity of greater than 25.0mPa•s; the shearing stability and heat resistance of the system was good and over 90% at a shear rate of 170s^-1; poly(AMPS-co-DMC) performed well in the presence of standard saline at a total concentration of 40000mg/L.

The crosstalk performance of coherent time-spreading OCDMA system based on superstructured fiber Bragg grating (SSFBG) is investigated with different input pulse width and grating refractive index modulation amplitude, and corresponding bit error rate (BER) performance was considered at different data-rate. Simulation results show that the crosstalk performance will be degraded with the increasing of input pulse width or grating refractive index modulation amplitude. Moreover, with fixed code length N = 127 and receiver bandwidth limitation, lower data-rate system has better tolerance to the increasing of input pulse width, while higher data-rate system has better tolerance to the increasing of grating refractive index modulation amplitude.

XXT is a newly developed semi-distributed rainfall-runoff mode based on the soil moisture storage capacity distribution curve, the highlight of the Xinanjiang model, together with the simple model structure of TOPMODEL. It performs better than the traditional hydrological models TOPMODEL and Xinanjiang for daily runoff and flood simulations over the various watersheds in different size and climatic dimensions in China. However, XXT performs worse in daily stream flow simulating compared to ANN-based rainfall-runoff models, especially for large-scale basins. The objective of the present study is therefore to enhance XXT performance in daily stream flow modelling by integrating artificial neural network (ANN) into it. A new hybrid model entitled as ANN-XXT is proposed in this work. Yingluoxia watershed (10009km²), situated in the arid, semi-arid region of northwestern China, in the upper stream of the Heihe River Basin, is selected as a large-scale basin for testing the new model. The results show that the daily stream flows predicted by the new model are in very good agreement with the observed ones, while those simulated by XXT underestimate the main peak-flows and are distinct from the observed daily stream flow for low flow stages for both the calibration and validation period. The results indicate that the proposed integrated model based on ANN and XXT has promise in daily stream flow simulating for large-scale basins.

In order to enhance the hydrophilicity of PES, A series of sulfonated polyethersulfone (SPES) were readily prepared via a reaction of sulphonation which used chlorosulfonic as sulfonating agent and concentrated sulfuric acid as solvent. Sulfonation was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Thermo gravimetric analyzer. We studied forming film characteristic of SPES by phase diagram. The sulfonated PES materials were then utilized as a hydrophilic modifier for fabrication of SPES membranes. The solvent was NMP and PEG-6000 was pore-forming agent. The characteristics of membranes were studied. It was found that the surface hydrophilicity of the modified PES membranes was remarkably enhanced by contact angle. Water flux was obvious increased and antifouling performance was also improved.

All-optical wavelength conversion is one of the key technologies in all optical signal processing. A wavelength conversion technology based on semiconductor optical amplifier nonlinear polarization rotation effect is proposed. By theoretical analysis and simulation, we achieve a 320Gbit/s signal wavelength conversion. We show that inverted and non-inverted wavelength conversion can be realized. However, the ER and Q-factor are improved.

Moving mass control implements the maneuver control of vehicle through moving the movable slide inside vehicle in order to move the mass center position. In this paper, take missile as an example, based on the derivation of six degree of freedom (6-dof) model of mass moment missile, combined with the law of parameter variation of aerodynamic and speed during missile flight, combined with virtual simulation technology, to establish a virtual reality simulation for high supersonic speed vehicle's control of moving mass model, and provide necessary foundation for the next further study of moving mass control.

The reduction of Eu³⁺ to Eu²⁺ has been realized under air atmosphere in silver borate glasses. By controlling sliver concentration in silver borate glasses, the emission of Eu²⁺ can be tuned from 440nm to 510nm. So, bright and tunable white lights have been achieved in europium single doped silver borate glasses. It is believed that europium single doped silver borate glass is potentially useful as an ultraviolet-convertible phosphor for white-light emitting diodes. Because europium single doped silver borate glass can not only conquer the difficulty in color and lifetime balance of the multi-color phosphors LEDs, but also avoid energy transfer and cross-relaxation between two/three kinds of different rare earths, which may result in quenching fluorescence.

The fabrication of waveguides inside transparent media using ultrashort laser pulses has gained a lot of interest during the past years. When femtosecond laser pulses are focused inside the bulk of transparent materials, the refractive-index change can be induced around the focal volume. In this paper, we demonstrate that embedded waveguides are fabricated from a computer-aided design file by scanning the focus spot in z-cut lithium niobate (LiNbO₃) using femtosecond laser pulses. The beam coupling in such waveguides is experimentally investigated. The coupling constant of the waveguide structure is obtained by measuring the ratio of output power of each waveguide.

This paper provides a numerical method to study the these optical properties, the absorption coefficient, the transport scattering coefficient and the anisotropy coefficient of thermotropic material, using the inverse adding-doubling (IAD) technology with the inputs of total transmittance M_T, total reflectance M_R and collimated transmittance M_U. The results show that absorption coefficients increase in near infrared region, the scattering coefficient values are high, and this is a backward scattering material, which means a high performance of preventing solar heat gain from indoor environment in summer and can reduce building energy consumption.

Degradation performance and lifetimes of high power laser diodes are important issues for laser manufacturers and end users. To fully understand these issues we have set up a computer controlled diode array reliability experiment which can automated monitor the laser bars 24 hours a day. Subsequent two different temperatures aging tests were completed, according to the aging results we obtained an acceleration factor 1.88 of resulting in a thermal activation energy of E_a=0.21eV. Finally, the detailed failure analysis for the failed devices and its influence on reliability were reported on this paper.

Large-size LED backlight is the new development trend of flat-panel TV industry. A large-sized ultra-slim edge-light type LED backlight is designed in this paper. Depending of the research of the LED manufacturers, LED is chose by the consideration of luminous efficiency, power consumption, structure design, etc. The LGP is designed through the optical design software; According to the specification and number of LED, the light-bar is designed to be double-layer MCPCB, and high voltage design is adopted in the driver control circuit which supports the PWM dimming; In order to achieve a better cooling effect, thermal design is carried out. The edge light type LED backlight designed in this paper, and backlight 9.9 mm thickness, 150W power, 5700nit center brightness, the uniformity is 82% by testing. It reaches a leading level of industry.

A new image scrambling algorithm is proposed in this paper. The secret image is encrypted by both random scrambling based on blocks and grayscale transformation based on a pseudo-random sequence, using two keys respectively. The information embedding is implemented in the space domain through replacing the low four bits of the host image pixels with the high four bits of the secret image pixels. A simple system of image hiding and extraction using the proposed algorithm based on Matlab is realized, and its resistance to noising and cropping is analyzed Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can extract the hided image without knowing the host image information, and has the advantages of simple implementation, large hiding capacity and good safety performance.

Internet was initially developed and employed by the military and later it was applied in the commercial field successfully. Now it has entered the culture field and expected to be influential again. In this article, the relationship between the Blog and the process of independent & research study is analyzed via discussing the Blog's origin, characteristics and classification. The present situation applied in the field of education is introduced here too. The implement function of Blog learning and teaching system designed by us is stated in the essay. It shows that Blog as an important culture phenomenon in the internet era must influence people's ways of learning and teaching.

Wavelengths combination optimization in near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) analysis was very important for improving model prediction effect, simplifying high dimension problems, reducing model complexity and designing special NIRS instruments with high signal noise ratio. Based on the prediction effect of single wavelength linear regression model, a special wavelength set with 25 information data points was filtered out. All wavelengths combinations of these 25 wavelengths were used to establish multiple linear regression (MLR) models respectively. With a prediction effect close to the PLS model based on whole spectral region, the simplest MLR model is the 7-wavelengths combination of 1105.5, 1108, 1895, 2150.5, 2278.5, 2284, 2286.5 (nm), RMSEP, R_P, RRMSEP was 0.2505 (%), 0.8753, 15.73% respectively. This indicated that the wavelengths combination selection method based on the prediction effect of single wavelength linear regression model could be applied to the NIRS analysis and could provide valuable reference for designing minitype special NIRS instruments.

A multi-line with redundant term location-driven algorithm and scheme of implementation circuit applied to LCD driver chips is presented in this paper. The multi-line location-driven algorithm reduces the number of column driver voltage level by the method of increasing the redundant column in modulation matrix and redundant data in display data matrix. In addition, implementation circuit of the algorithm is proposed. The experimental results show that the algorithm can reduce 30% power consumption and achieve higher integrity in LCD display driver chip

This paper provides a review of 3D display technology and a design of Near-Eye 3D Display (NE3D). In present, image quality and visual comfort are the main problems of 3D display. We designed a NE3D with using the latest 0.5 inch OLED microdisplay chips, and it contains dual-OLED and two freeform lenses, which provides the left- and right-eye image of a side-by-side displayed stereo pair to the appropriate eye. It is a "free view" 3D display technology, and interocular crosstalk was eliminated completely by using direction multiplex. Crosstalk is one of the largest contributing factors to cause visual discomfort. The paper detailed the OLED microdisplay, and gave the parameters of optical system for a compact head-mounted display. Some future works were also referred.

A new method which the numbers of cluster is self-adapted and use up and down cut-off of FCM combined with PSO to take place of common FCM combined with PSO is proposed in this paper. Experiment's results show that compared with the method of combining the particle swarm optimization (PSO) with common FCM, it helps to make a better effect on image segmentation and optimize the numbers of cluster and converge the rate quickly.

A new method for handwritten digits recognition based on hidden markov model (HMM) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed. This method defined 24 strokes with the sense of directional, to make up for the shortage that is sensitive in choice of stating point in traditional methods, but also reduce the ambiguity caused by shakes. Make use of excellent global convergence of PSO; improving the probability of finding the optimum and avoiding local infinitesimal obviously. Experimental results demonstrate that compared with the traditional methods, the proposed method can make most of the recognition rate of handwritten digits improved.

The development of integral SL system with low cost for fabrication small size object has important significance, and dynamic pattern generator is the key component for a integral SL system. To set up the dynamic pattern generator using digital micro-mirror device (DMD), an optical imaging system, which produces Section pattern of a object on working plane and solidifies photo curable resin, has been designed. The optical imaging system consists of two components. The component 1 is made up of 3 positive lenses, and the component 2 consists of a negative lens, two positive lenses and a aperture. To reduce the coma and astigmatism of the image produced with the optical imaging system, the aperture position is optimized with soft ZEMAX. The best location for the stop is 1 mm before the second lens in component 2. As a result, the coma is 3.7 wavelengths, and astigmatism is -0.18 wavelengths. The design of the optical imaging system lays a foundation for set-up low-cost integral SL system.

Correct calculation of sediment carrying capacity in natural rivers is of great significance to the simulation of sediment movement and river-bed deformation by mathematical model. Peak recognition support vector machines, an improved support vector machines, was proposed considering the complication and nonlinearity between sediment carrying capacity and its impact factors; peak recognition least square support vector machines sediment carrying capacity prediction model, which was based on chaos optimization, was built combining with accelerating chaos optimization against questions of support vector machines regression such as parameter optimization, training and test speed. The test data of 30 sets of water tanks with high, medium and low sediment concentrations were trained, and training values agreed well with measured values; four sets of test data were predicted by trained support vector machines model, and training values were pretty much the same with measured values. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that sediment carrying capacity studying method based on peak recognition support vector machines is more accurate in predication and more reliable than common support vector machines and BP neural network.

In order to study the reflective intensity-modulated characteristics of a two fiber distance sensor with one normal single mode fiber for illuminating and one inclined multimode fiber for receiving, a rigorous theoretical mode using approximating the illumination light exiting the single mode fiber as having a Gaussian intensity profile is established to describe the influence of the inclination angle of receiving fiber on the intensity-modulated characteristics of the sensor. Numerical simulation results indicate that the distance sensitivity of the sensor gets higher as the inclination angle increases and the sensitivity at an angle of 4° is nearly 7.65 times that of the sensitivity with 0°. Meanwhile, the blind region, linear range and peak position also get shifted in comparison with the parallel fiber distance sensor, and the performance of the fiber distance sensor can be optimized by adjusting the inclination angle of the receiving fiber.

Characteristic of metal stripe plasmon waveguides with its size and work wavelength is studied and theoretical basis of choosing dimension under different work wavelength are given. The directional couplers composed of two Ag stripes are studied at λ = 1.31μm and λ = 1.55μm. Coupling lengths with edge-edge distance D are analyzed. 1310nm/ 1550nm wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer is presented.

An analysis, based on transfer matrix, is presented of weak signal effects on the mach-zehnder interferometer sensor for detection. The weak signal detector based on Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer is established. Based on wavelet soft-threshold de-noising technology and high-pass filter, a modified demodulation technique is proposed. With the modified demodulation method, experiment results show the system's precision can be improved effectively.

TOPMODEL is a simple physically based rainfall-runoff model and has become increasingly popular and widely used in various applications in recent years. However, it performs worse than the Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based rainfall-runoff models in stream flow prediction. In order to overcome this weakness inherent in TOPMODEL, a new approach based on ANN and TOPMODEL is proposed in the present study. The present approach uses the output of an ANN-based rainfall-runoff model in validation period as the 'observed discharge' to calibrate the parameters of TOPMODEL. The calibrated TOPMODEL is then directly employed for stream flow prediction, rather than experienced traditional two stages: calibration period and validation period. To test the new method, Baohe River basin (2413 km²), located at the upper stream of the Hanjiang Catchment in Yangtze River Basin, China, is selected as the study area. The results show that the daily stream flows simulated by the new approach are in general agreement with the observed ones, while the daily stream flows simulated by the traditional one, i.e. only using TOPMODEL for stream flow predictions, greatly overestimates some peak flows. And the new method resulted in a Nash and Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient value of 0.764, which is significantly larger than that of the traditional one, which suggests that the new approach combining the advantages of ANN and TOPMODEL is more suitable for daily stream flow forecasting.

This paper aims to research the Automobile Inspection System based on Wireless Communication, and suggests an overall design scheme which uses GPS for speed detection and Bluetooth and GPRS for communication. The communication between PDA and PC was realized by means of GPRS and TCP/IP; and the hardware circuit and software for detection terminal were devised by means of JINOU-3264 Bluetooth Module after analyzing the Bluetooth and its communication protocol. According to the results of debugging test, this system accomplished GPRS based data communication and management as well as the real-time detection on auto safety performance parameters in crash test via PC, whereby the need for mobility and reliability was met and the efficiency and level of detection was improved.

An approach of using near infrared spectroscopy combined with BP neural network method was investigated for the prediction of fibre contents of textile mixture materials. The near infrared spectra of 56 textile mixture samples with different cotton and wool contents were obtained, in which 41 samples were used for the calibration set, 10 samples were used for the validation set, while 5 for the prediction set. The wavelet transform (WT) was utilized for the spectra data compression, which combined with BP neural network (BP) was specially introduced. According to the standards of absolute error (AE), mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE), a calibration model of WT-ca3-BP (41-17-2) was achieved for prediction of fibre contents of textile mixture materials. The calibration set was in combination with validation set as a new calibration set, an upgraded WT-ca3-BP (51-17-2) model appeared, its mean absolute error (MAE) was less than 0.41%, root mean square error (RMSE) was less than 0.54% and a satisfying prediction precision was achieved for unknown samples. The results indicated that near infrared spectroscopy could be successfully applied for prediction of fibre contents of textile mixture materials and upgraded WT-ca3-BP model could achieve a best prediction results.

After a deep analysis on how to use an image processing system to detect the missing holes on the motor carling, we design the whole system combined with the actual production conditions of the motor carling. Afterwards we explain the whole system's hardware and software in detail. We introduce the general functions for the system's hardware and software. Analyzed these general functions, we discuss the modules of the system's hardware and software and the theory to design these modules in detail. The measurement to confirm the area to image processing, edge detection, randomized Hough transform to circle detecting is explained in detail. Finally, the system result tested in the laboratory and in the factory is given out.

The purpose of this paper is to develop a composite agent model for computer generated forces. Based on the analysis and modeling on real force operation, a hierarchically structured CGF agent model was proposed. The model clearly draws the separation between the knowledge base and the functional part, while preserving the hierarchical structure of the model. The hierarchically structured levels of knowledge were not only constructed using the concepts of the lower levels, but they were also used to trigger activities at lower levels.The multi-stages control unit combines patterns of behavior with explicit planning facilities. Patterns of behavior allow CGF to react quickly and flexibly to changes in its environment.They are also building block of CGF plan. The model are able to plan activities and execute them within a framework designed to support devolved planning and execution of high level tasks in a manner similar to that found in military command structures.

With the increasing industrial automation, the requirement of the non-destructive testing technology tends to be more and more urgent. In the paper, regarding the difficulty of testing the surface integrity, the author firstly introduces the principle of the non-destructive testing technology, and then emphatically analyzes the application in the field of metal surface, finally presents the advantages and disadvantage of the non-destructive testing technology. This paper gives the basic structure and working mechanism of the laser ultrasound non-destructive testing system. The experiment proves the feasibility and effectiveness of the system. At last, the problem and development orientation of the laser ultrasound non-destructive testing technology are also pointed out.

The proposed approach in this paper is divided into three steps namely the location of plate, the segmentation of the characters and the recognition of the characters. The location algorithm is firstly consisted of two video captures to get high quality images, and estimates the size of vehicle plate in these images via parallel binocular stereo vision algorithm. Then the segmentation method extracts the edge of vehicle plate based on second generation non-orthogonal Haar wavelet transformation, and locates the vehicle plate according to the estimated result in the first step. Finally, the recognition algorithm is realized based on the Radial Basis Function Fuzzy Neural Network. Experiments have been conducted for real images. The results show this method can decrease the error recognition rate of Chinese license plate recognition.

This paper describes the system architecture and implementation technology of the decision support system for sports competitions, discusses the design of decision-making modules, management modules and security of the system, and proposes the development idea of building a web-based decision support system for sports competitions.

Despite the strength and a increasing interest in application of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to rainfall runoff simulating, the deficiencies associated with traditional applications of ANNs in which the networks essentially function as black box models is obvious. The objective of this work is therefore to enhance the ANN-based rainfall runoff models' ability in the description of hydrological processes such as interception, infiltration, surface runoff, sub-surface runoff and evapotranspiration by integrating it with TOPMODEL, which is a simple physically based rainfall-runoff model and has become increasingly popular and widely used in a great number of applications in recent years. A new integrated model named ANN-TOPMODEL is proposed in this study. Baohe River basin (2413 km²), located at the upper stream of the Hanjiang Catchment in Yangtze River Basin, China, is selected as the study area for testing the new model. The results show that the daily stream flows simulated by the new model are in good agreement with the observed ones, while the daily stream flows simulated by TOPMODEL greatly overestimates or underestimates some peak flows both for calibration period and validation period. Further more, the new model resulted in a Nash and Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient value of 0.905 for validation period, which is significantly larger than TOPMODEL. The results demonstrate that the proposed integrated model based on ANN and TOPMODEL is promising in daily stream flow modeling.

Backup System is composed by various application programs. The backup is completed by the messaging and collaboration of these independent but related applications. Due to the limitation of the traditional IPC applied in backup system, we propose a new technique which will solve the problems created during the backup process, that is, subject-oriented IPC by taking advantage of PostgreSQL. In this technique, PostgreSQL is in charge of information storage and management as well as the communications among applications. The subject is the substance ( for instance, backup sets) operated by the communications made among applications. Message related to subject will be stored in database which is connected by various applications. Communication and resource sharing will be achieved by connecting the same subject.

Multi-agent systems bring up a number of important issues in nowadays technology, such as ubiquity, decentralization, openness, dynamism and uncertainty. As research and development in these areas goes on, those systems meet more and more challenges. Two of the special problems are decision making in uncertain and part-information environments, and collaboration and coordination with other agents in such environments. This paper presents a formalized probability based model into a challenging domain which comes from our own experience of a research project, using probability methods to aid in deriving the optimized choices and decisions for the multi agent system.

For modern medical monitoring systems data acquisition is very important. To achieve the strict requirements and communication we design the Zigbee-based wireless infusion monitoring system, which has the following excellent features: It adopts a high performance price ratio chip CC2530, which was integrated of AD converter, strengthened MCU, and wireless RF unit. It can also communicate with peripheral device via serial ports and then instruct infusion equipments to realize system real time control. The communication module based on Zigbee has a simple structure, low power consumption. The system can obtain high control precision but also adjust infusion parameters accurately.

According to ratoon rice growth and yield formation with meteorological conditions, the paper analyzed the main climatic factors which influence the growth of ratoon rice, and determined the accumulated temperature and sunshine duration of the key period as the index of climatic regionalization. The fine spatial distribution of ratoon rice regionalization was made based on the spatial distribution of indexes which was made based on the GIS and 1:250,000 DEM. And then the paper reviewed the characteristics of various types of regional climate resources separately and put forward proposals in allusion to the cultivation based on the coordinated development between the ratoon rice and other crops in late autumn, the development of annual planting plan and cultivation methods.

The damage capacity of weapon systems is enhanced when all-electronic safety and arming device (ESAD) is applied, so that ESAD has been favored by the military power. ESAD must ensure the normal work in the stipulation of -40 °C ~ +60°C temperature. When high voltage pulse power supply of piezoelectric transformer (PT) is used in ESAD the charging time has the large dispersion and affects the striking capability of weapon systems. In order to control the inconsistency charging time due to environment temperature change the adaptive frequency tracking control system for high-voltage pulse power supply of PT is designed. Theoretical calculation of current lag angle under zero voltage switching condition for resonant current is derived. Sampling circuit and control circuit are designed by applying the phase-locked loop (PLL) control technology. Experiment results have proved that this control can ensure the consistency of converter output under different environment.

This paper studies a new method for chromosome pairing of amphioxus using digital image processing technology, selects chromosome banding image of amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri tsingtauense as experimental material, compares and analyzes objective data such as perimeter, long axis and short axis of the chromosome, and realizes chromosome pairing of amphioxus with Reference to band feature of Laplace and Sobel edge detection as pairing supplement. According to objective data obtained from the program, this method improves the subjective pairing method which uses image processing software to measure long arm and short arm of the chromosome. The results show that the pairing method is effective, accurate and practical. This study has important theoretical and practical significance for further study of chromosome gene mapping and cell genetics of amphioxus.

According to the MODIS data from June 10 to September 21 in 2006, 12 phases of drought spatial distribution in Chongqing have been gotten based on vegetation supply water index (VSWI), which showed the whole evolution process of severe drought in 2006 in Chongqing from drought occurred - increased - relieved - increased again - complete remission. To verify the monitor accuracy of VSWI in Chongqing severe drought in 2006, the soil moisture data in 170 soil moisture monitoring stations in the same period was used. The results are shown as three aspects: 1. Vegetation supply water index (VSWI) based on MOIDS data can monitor in real-time and feedback effectively summer drought in Chongqing. 2. VSWI and soil moisture have a good negative correlation. 3. The correlation index between VSWI and soil moisture also have certain relationships with elevation.

The improved zone-plate interferometer (ZPI) is proposed to measure aspheric surface in this paper. A new computer generated hologram (CGH) zone-plate is designed and manufactured, which creates referring wavefronts for aspheric surface in the interferometer. The interferograms of ZPI are closed fringe patterns which are difficult to handle and the processing methods are researched. Two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm is proposed to extract phase. The principle and process of FFT method is described and the computer simulation proves its validity. The unwrapped phase distribution is got by the unweighted least-squares phase unwrapping algorithm. The error of aspheric surface is derived from the fitting method of Zernike polynomials. The methods are used to treat the aspheric surface measurement in experiment. The results show that the methods have achieved worthy measurement precision and have great development potential.

This paper introduces the common intrusion detection technologies, discusses the work flow of Snort intrusion detection system, and analyzes IPv6 data packet encapsulation and protocol decoding technology. We propose the expanding Snort architecture to support IPv6 intrusion detection in accordance with CIDF standard combined with protocol analysis technology and pattern matching technology, and present its composition. The research indicates that the expanding Snort system can effectively detect various intrusion attacks; it is high in detection efficiency and detection accuracy and reduces false alarm and omission report, which effectively solves the problem of IPv6 intrusion detection.

Concerned with the deficiency of two-states reliability model in the progress of multi-states electrical system, and combined with application of the Bayesian Networks in the multi-states reliability theories, a new multi-states reliability modeling progress is established based on translating system logic framework into Bayesian Networks. It is proved practice and effective by the simulation at the end, and establish technical foundation for the research on states transformation of the multi-states system reliability.

Grain logistics is the important component of the social logistics, which can be attributed to frequent circulation and the great quantity. At present time, there is no modern grain logistics distribution management system, and the logistics cost is the high. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have been widely used for spatial data manipulation and model operations and provide effective decision support through its spatial database management capabilities and cartographic visualization. In the present paper, a spatial decision support system (SDSS) is proposed to support policy makers and to reduce the cost of grain logistics. The system is composed of two major components: grain logistics goods tracking model and vehicle routing problem optimization model and also allows incorporation of data coming from external sources. The proposed system is an effective tool to manage grain logistics in order to increase the speed of grain logistics and reduce the grain circulation cost.

In recent year, with the rapid development of GIS technology, more and more programming problems depend on the GIS technology and professional model system. The solution of auxiliary programming problem by using GIS technology, which has become very popular. GIS is an important tool and technology, that captures, stores, analyzes, manages, and presents data that are linked to location. A grain logistics distribution system based on GIS is established, which provides a visualization scheme during the process of grain circulation and supports users making decision and analyzing for grain logistics enterprise.

Novel coherent properties of corner-cube resonator solid laser were to our best knowledge firstly discovered by us, and the peculiar coherent characters of CCR laser were experimentally studied. Further more the difference between the coherent properties of CCR and Plano-Plane (P-P) resonator lasers were investigated. And based on these special coherent characters, a new coherent laser combining structure in which a corner cube been utilized as the terminal mirror was presented.

Based on the analysis of base and methods of singularity of mechanism, four methods obtained according to the factors of moving states of mechanism and cause of singularity and property of linear complex of singularity and methods in studying singularity, these bases and methods can't reflect the direct property and systematic property and controllable property of the structure of mechanism in macro, thus can't play an excellent role in guiding to evade the configuration before the appearance of singularity. In view of the shortcomings of forementioned four bases and methods, six new methods combined with the structure and exterior phenomena and motion control of mechanism directly and closely, classfication carried out based on the factors of moving base and joint component and executor and branch and acutating source and input parameters, these factors display the systemic property in macro, excellent guiding performance can be expected in singularity evasion and machine design and machine control based on these new bases and methods.

In this paper, a new temperature automatic verification system has been studied. It uses platinum resistance temperature measurement system for thermostat bath to control roughly. Within the control point ±2.5 °C, the system automatically switches to use first-class standard mercury thermometer for precision measurements to control precisely temperature at verification points. The mercury thermometer indication is detected by digital camera imaging, and the scale value and exact location of mercury column are calculated by using image processing methods. including image enhancement, image denoising, binary image, edge detection and so on. The system uses gray-scale transform, median filtering, binary image, Canny edge detection operator to image processing by analysis and comparison. As tens of pixels cover each degree, the system gets the standard high-precision temperature. Experiments have proved the accuracy of image processing and computer vision measuring is an order of magnitude higher than of person's observation. Temperature reading, data processing and test results have been completed by computer, which increases automation and accuracy of verification. Therefore, verifying mercury thermometer, the theoretical temperature largely depends on the accuracy of mercury thermometer itself.

Component-based software evolution feasibility analysis focus on whether the basic evolution objectives are executable under the circumstance of component-based software. We proposed an algorithm-based method to solve the question in this paper, and this method is not only helpful for researchers or engineers to emulate their legacy system evolving strategies, but also is a meaningful extension for Kripke structure.

Formulas for the radiated intensity distributions of coherent and incoherent combined Lorentz-Gaussian beam array are respectively derived by utilizing representations of the cross-spectral density of the far field. Intensity distributions versus azimuth angles are depicted by numerical examples. Effects of beam array numbers and separate distances etc. on far-field radiated profiles are shown and analyzed. Comparisons between the phenomenon respectively induced by coherent and incoherent combinations of Lorentz-Gaussian beams are also made and further discussed. These results may provide potential applications in producing high-power double heterojunction laser arrays.

A hybrid tabu search for the multi-depot vehicle routing problem is considered in this paper. The purpose of the proposed approach is to decrease the number of used vehicles and the total travel cost. An extensive numerical experiment was performed on benchmark problem instances available in literature, the computational results are presented to show the high effectiveness and performance of the proposed approaches.

Different materials have different surface scattering characteristics some of which are quite different from each other. These characteristics can be detected, measured and then matched with models of surface scattering characteristics of known materials in order to achieve the differentiating of materials in a distant range. In distant field detecting, some information of the scattered light could not be detected precisely for the detecting range is too distant. Therefore, these kinds of scattered light information should be eliminated in distant field detecting oriented modeling of material surface scattering characteristics. In the other hand, those kinds of scattered light information should be maintained which has not been changed after long range spreading in order to make the model of scattering characteristic simple and easy to be applied. The measuring of two chosen typical materials indicates that the differences of polarization states of the scattered light from their surfaces are obvious. Further theoretical arithmetic indicates that these kinds of differences maintained their significance after the scattered light has been spread for a distant range.

Many factors of intracavity perturbation will degrade the output power and beam quality for high power passive Q-switched slab laser. In this paper, the experiment test on the output beam quality of a passive Q-switched zig-zag slab Nd:YAG laser has been performed by adopting Shack-Hartmann (S-H) wavefront sensor and Zernike mode reconstruction theory. In this way, the PV and RMS values of the wavefront aberration, every order zernike aberrations can be acquired accurately, distribution of circle energy in far-field and other beam evaluation factors can also be obtained by further calculation, so the beam-quality can be known fully. Experimental results show that the wavefront aberration of laser is mainly concentrated in the frontal 10 ranks of Zernike aberration, mainly including the defocus A₃, the low-order astigmatism A₅, the coma aberration A₆ and the spherical aberration A₁₀ because of the crystal thermal effect and the intracavity aberrated perturbation.

Using two cyclic three-level artificial atoms, we propose a scheme for realizing two-qubit quantum phase gates via an unconventional geometric phase shift in a cavity. In this scheme, the excited states of the two artificial atoms are adiabatically eliminated, and the logical gates' operation only involves their metastable states. Moreover, under certain conditions, the artificial atoms are disentangled with the cavity mode. Thus the gate is insensitive to both the cavity decay and the spontaneous emission of the artificial atoms.

The increase of the software complexity makes how to understand software systems a hard work. Since you cannot control what you cannot measure, many research works have been done on software metrics. But one key property has always been neglect, i.e., the topological properties of software systems. In this paper, we proposed to analyze object-oriented (OO) software systems from the perspective of software topological property. First, OO software systems are represented by network at method and class level, respectively. Then we introduce complex network theory to analyze the topological properties of these networks. A case study on an open source OO software system, JHotDraw 5.1, gives an illustration of our approach. Our approach can give further understanding of OO software systems.

Energy is critical for typical wireless sensor networks (WSN) and how to energy consumption and maximize network lifetime are big challenges for Wireless sensor networks; cross layer algorithm is main method to solve this problem. In this paper, firstly, we analyze current layer-based optimal methods in wireless sensor network and summarize the physical, link and routing optimization techniques. Secondly we compare some strategies in cross-layer optimization algorithms. According to the analysis and summary of the current lifetime algorithms in wireless sensor network A cross layer optimization algorithm is proposed,. Then this optimization algorithm proposed in the paper is adopted to improve the traditional Leach routing protocol. Simulation results show that this algorithm is an excellent cross layer algorithm for reducing energy consumption.

Illuminating system gives attention to the transmission efficiency and spatial uniformity. Various non-imaging components were used as the illuminating system for the projection system to collect the light emitted by Light-Emitting Diodes, such as light pipe, CPC and flyeyes lens. For the micro projection, the key is to find a useful method to keep the system compact which causes little loss of the efficiency and spatial uniformity. Kohler illumination is an efficient method to get the uniformity lighting zone on the pupil plane of the optical system. According to the principle of the Kohler illumination, in this paper, we proposed to set the stop on the LCoS front surface for the first time. It can be found that this method can give satisfied results by using two simple lens. In order to get the white light from the R, G, B LEDs, the color matching method by using the actual measurement chromaticity coordinate is also given. Simulation results show that both the solutions can give efficient illumination and the system with aspherical lens can give more uniformity.

A dual-polarization communication model with consideration of signal delay along receiving antennas in wireless sensor networks is proposed. Exact expressions for channel capacity and bit error rate are derived. It is manifested that the proposed dual-polarization model can improve channel capacity or reduce bit error rate under same data rate and total transmit power as compared with single antenna communication system if receive node is deployed appropriately. The dual-polarization model can significantly lower transmission power per bit requirement and prolong networks' lifetime. The robustness is displayed on small polarization angle.