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3 November 2010Effects of El Niño on spring phenology of the highest mountain in northeast Asia
Twenty-year Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data on the highest mountain in northeast Asia were
analyzed to understand their temporal variability and response to large-scale El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)
events. We demonstrated the first unequivocal evidence that El Niño events have played an important role in determining
the ecosystem conditions in the Mt. Baekdu area in northeast Asia. The analysis confirmed that the onset of phenological
spring was earlier during ENSO years. This was evident from a negative trend of -0.5158 month per ENSO index
between year-to-year variations in spring timing and those in ENSO magnitudes. Over two decades, the phenological
phases were negatively correlated with air temperature variations under atmospheric warming at Mt. Baekdu. However,
such changes in NDVI are not likely to be affected by changes in the local precipitation, as inferred from forest types
determined by land cover classification. On the basis of changes in air temperature during ENSO years, the results of this
study indicate a significant remote connection between the local ecology at the highest mountain and the large-scale
atmospheric and oceanic phenomena.
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Kyung-Ae Park, Uudus Bayarsaikhan, Kyung-Ryul Kim, "Effects of El Niño on spring phenology of the highest mountain in northeast Asia," Proc. SPIE 7858, Remote Sensing of the Coastal Ocean, Land, and Atmosphere Environment, 78581I (3 November 2010); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.873264