Focusing light into turbid media: time-reversed ultrasonically encoded (TRUE) focusing

Honglin Liu; Xiao Xu; Lihong V. Wang

doi:10.1117/12.876956

18 February 2011 Focusing light into turbid media: time-reversed ultrasonically encoded (TRUE) focusing

Honglin Liu, Xiao Xu, Lihong V. Wang

Proceedings Volume 7899, Photons Plus Ultrasound: Imaging and Sensing 2011; 78991A (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.876956
Event: SPIE BiOS, 2011, San Francisco, California, United States

Abstract

In turbid media such as biological tissues, light undergoes multiple scattering. Consequently, it is not possible to focus light at depths beyond one transport mean free path in such media. To break through this limit, we proposed and experimentally demonstrated a novel technique, based on ultrasonic encoding of diffused laser light and optical time reversal, which effectively focuses light into a turbid medium. In the experimental implementation of the Time-Reversed Ultrasonically Encoded (TRUE) optical focusing, a turbid medium was illuminated by a laser beam with a long coherence length. The incident light was multiply scattered inside the medium and ultrasonically encoded within the ultrasonic focal zone. The wavefront of the ultrasonically encoded light was then time reversed by a Phase Conjugate Mirror (PCM) outside the medium. The time-reversed (or phase conjugated) optical wavefront traced back the trajectories of the ultrasonically encoded diffused light, and converged to the ultrasonic focal zone. With a commercially available photorefractive crystal as the PCM, the main approaches for increasing focusing depth are to improve the efficiencies of ultrasonic encoding and time reversal. Our recent experiments showed that light can be focused into a 5-mm thick tissue-mimicking phantom (optical thickness = 50, i.e., geometric thickness = 50 mean free paths) with a dynamically adjustable focus. The TRUE optical focusing opens a door to focusing light into turbid media or manipulating light-matter interactions.

Citation Download Citation

Honglin Liu, Xiao Xu, and Lihong V. Wang "Focusing light into turbid media: time-reversed ultrasonically encoded (TRUE) focusing", Proc. SPIE 7899, Photons Plus Ultrasound: Imaging and Sensing 2011, 78991A (18 February 2011); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.876956

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KEYWORDS

Ultrasonics

Tissue optics

Transducers

Light scattering

Holograms

Crystals

Scattering

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