3D imaging: how to achieve highest accuracy

Thomas Luhmann

doi:10.1117/12.892070

21 June 2011 3D imaging: how to achieve highest accuracy

Thomas Luhmann

Proceedings Volume 8085, Videometrics, Range Imaging, and Applications XI; 808502 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.892070
Event: SPIE Optical Metrology, 2011, Munich, Germany

Abstract

The generation of 3D information from images is a key technology in many different areas, e.g. in 3D modeling and representation of architectural or heritage objects, in human body motion tracking and scanning, in 3D scene analysis of traffic scenes, in industrial applications and many more. The basic concepts rely on mathematical representations of central perspective viewing as they are widely known from photogrammetry or computer vision approaches. The objectives of these methods differ, more or less, from high precision and well-structured measurements in (industrial) photogrammetry to fully-automated non-structured applications in computer vision. Accuracy and precision is a critical issue for the 3D measurement of industrial, engineering or medical objects. As state of the art, photogrammetric multi-view measurements achieve relative precisions in the order of 1:100000 to 1:200000, and relative accuracies with respect to retraceable lengths in the order of 1:50000 to 1:100000 of the largest object diameter. In order to obtain these figures a number of influencing parameters have to be optimized. These are, besides others: physical representation of object surface (targets, texture), illumination and light sources, imaging sensors, cameras and lenses, calibration strategies (camera model), orientation strategies (bundle adjustment), image processing of homologue features (target measurement, stereo and multi-image matching), representation of object or workpiece coordinate systems and object scale. The paper discusses the above mentioned parameters and offers strategies for obtaining highest accuracy in object space. Practical examples of high-quality stereo camera measurements and multi-image applications are used to prove the relevance of high accuracy in different applications, ranging from medical navigation to static and dynamic industrial measurements. In addition, standards for accuracy verifications are presented and demonstrated by practical examples and tests.

Citation Download Citation

Thomas Luhmann "3D imaging: how to achieve highest accuracy", Proc. SPIE 8085, Videometrics, Range Imaging, and Applications XI, 808502 (21 June 2011); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.892070

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