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While the concept of wavefront decomposition is a foundation of active optics systems, the choice of basis functions for
mirror figure control is divided. The common functions are Zernike polynomials, ubiquitously used for wavefront
descriptions, and bending (also called minimum energy or vibration) modes which offer optimal performance. We
present a look at the comparative performance between the two approaches, and discuss an implementation approach
which seeks to combine much of the analytic and interface simplicity of Zernike polynomials with the improved
performance of bending modes.
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Byron Smith, Brian Cuerden, "Bending modes for active optics," Proc. SPIE 8149, Astronomical Adaptive Optics Systems and Applications IV, 81490D (16 September 2011); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.894020