This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 8205, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, and the Conference Committee listing.

A mobile molecular Doppler lidar at an eye-safe 355nm wavelength based on double-edge technique for wind measurement from 10 km to 40 km altitude is being built in Hefei, China. As the key component of the Doppler lidar, the receiver subsystem is designed elaborately. A triple Fabry-Perot etalon is used as the frequency discriminator whose parameters are optimized. The thermal and mechanics stabilities are considered during the receiver design. The designed receiver system is very compact and stable, which could be embedded into a standard 19 inch socket bench with 21 inch length. With this new kind of receiver, the optical alignment is easy and the stability of the etalon transmittance, which is of great importance to the wind measurement, is expected to be improved.

A novel electronic travel aid for the blind based on stereo vision was proposed. The device has the features of road deviation detection, obstacles detection and traffic lights recognition. Road edges extraction is realized by Canny filter and Hough transfer. Road deviation detection is implemented by judging the position and angle of the road edge. Traffic lights recognition is completed using template matching, and obstacles detection is realized using a self-adaptive threshold determination algorithm. The correct recognition rate of traffic lights is 100%. The correct detection rate of road edge is 92% and that of obstacles is 96%.

The Reflective Four-Sided Pyramid can be used to divide one light beam into four beams in image space and to achieve the joint purpose of the four CCDs. It also causes the vignetting effect in the joint areas of the image. The calculation of the vignetting distribution caused by the Reflective Four-Sided Pyramid can give us the theoretical basis to guide the further work of image stitching and image luminance processing.

Due to the high measurement complexity in subjective evaluation methods, objective strategy is an effective approach to measure the visibility threshold (VT) between left and right views in asymmetric stereoscopic images. In this paper, a novel objective VT measurement method for asymmetric stereoscopic images is proposed. The proposed method first extracts stereoscopic features from left and right images with singular value decomposition, and the relationship between stereoscopic features and quality score is established with support vector regression (SVR). Finally, the SVR model is used to test specific stereoscopic images, and the objective VT is measured by statistical analyses. The experimental results show that the VT is related to the content of stereoscopic image and the quality of left view, and when the PSNR of left view is larger than 35dB, the VT value can exceed 2dB.

One of the key and difficult technologies in the 3DTV system is the generation of the depth. In general, the demands for accuracy and real-time execution cannot be satisfied at the same time. With the development of the algorithms, some local methods are more suitable, but the challenge is to decide an appropriate window for each pixel. We propose a novel local method, which constructs the support windows adaptively only based on the intensity. Our bilateral filtering algorithm is depending on the information of color image so that the edge can be kept clearly. All of the algorithms are based on GPU so that the effectiveness is higher. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm, it has been tested on the benchmark Middlebury stereo database. The results show that our algorithm has comparable efficiency, and hence it is promising for practical application.

Virtual view rendering is one of the key technologies to realize three-dimensional television (3DTV). Because of the depth value's discontinuity in the depth map, there are lots of holes in the rendered virtual view image. To solve this problem, depth map pre-processing methods are proposed and analyzed in this paper. The number of holes resulted from 3D warping is counted, and the virtual view images obtained from different reference views are fused. Finally, the number of holes in the fused virtual view image is also counted, and the quality of virtual view image is evaluated to measure the effect of depth map pre-processing. Experimental results show that the proposed pre-processing method can effectively reduce the number of holes and improve the quality of rendered virtual view image.

Content based 3D model Retrieval (CB3DR) is proved to be limited in performance due to the semantic gap between low-level feature distance and high-level user intention. In order to capture semantics from models, we propose a new framework which generates semantic subspaces for each category via corresponding variances of feature vectors. Then vectorial and numerical semantic labels are composed from semantic subspaces. In the end, a Laplacian Eigenmaps based manifold learning method is enhanced by these semantic labels and experiment results show an improvement in performance with respect to classical Laplacian Eigenmaps method.

Unstructured road segmentation plays an important role in visual guiding navigation for intelligent vehicle. A novel vision-based road segmentation method that combined the Otsu double-threshold method with the maximum entropy double-threshold method was proposed to handle those problems caused by illumination variations and road surface dilapidation. Spatial correlation by analyzing the grey-level histogram of the original image and temporal correlation by matching of the selected referenced region was used to estimate the coarse range of the road region. Road segmentation experiments executed in different road scenes have demonstrate that the method proposed in this paper is robust against illumination variations and surface dilapidation.

We present a novel motion planning method for intelligent vehicle with long-range perception under the uncertain constraints of unstructured road boundary on the basis of obstacle roadside fusion strategy and beam curvature method . Not only does this method inherit the advantages of reliability, smoothness and speediness from LCM, but also it can produce more reasonable path than traditional LCM does by virtue of the global information acquired by long-range sensors.

Through the analysis of the cloud storage, cloud computing technology and characteristics of the remote sensing data, a method of mass remote sensing data stored in the cloud is put forward in this paper. Combined with the characteristics of remote sensing data and its processing algorithm, three program designing ideas, namely making data parallel, algorithm parallel and data algorithm nested parallel are proposed. By comparing the experimental results, realization of remote sensing data parallel processing based on cloud platform shows the superiority of the technical solution.

In the publishing and printing applications, hidden data is embedded into images for copyright protection and ownership generally. Based on the multi-resolution halftone watermarking (MRHW), adaptive multi-resolution halftone watermarking algorithm (AMRHW) is proposed in the paper. According to the characteristics of the carrier image, the pixels of the watermark halftone image are embedded into the position of the minimal impact in the carrier image, and the locations of these pixels are stored in the decoding matrix. Then, the carrier image is processed by error diffusion, and thus the watermarked image is obtained. In the watermark extraction process, according to the data of the decoding matrix, the corresponding pixels are extracted and grouped together. The watermark image is viewed directly. The results show that the AMRHW can obtain better quality of the embedding than the MRHW, while the decoding matrix can ensure great security of the watermark image.

Cylindrical lens grating is widely used in stereoscopic printing application, the principle of cylinder lens grating used in stereoscopic printing was discoursed in this paper, the process flow of cylindrical lens grating stereoscopic printing was analyzed, the cylindrical lens grating how to print the image to be a better stereo effect was discussed. At the same time, some common technical parameters of cylindrical lens grating in stereoscopic printing have been given, which offers a certain practical and theoretical guidance in stereoscopic printing.

Symmetric Self Electro-optic Effect Device's (S-SEED's) basic structure and operation principles are described. Based on its purely capacitive model, the relationship between bit rate and bias/input optical power/input wavelength of S-SEED all-optical buffer is obtained by theoretical analysis. S-SEED all-optical buffer operation bit rates with different biases, input optical powers and input wavelengths are compared. The results reveal that S-SEED buffer bit rate could be effectively enhanced with a low bias or a high input power, and different input wavelengths almost have no influence on its bit rate.

Aiming at these problems in real-time measurement about multiple targets in large scale, we propose a vision measuring method with CCD Rotation Ranging System (CRRS) to achieve the dynamic measurement with high-accuracy. CRRS is composed of mechanical rotating platform and Area scan CCD camera. The CCD camera is fixed on a mechanical rotating platform which is droved by motor. Firstly, we calibrate the CCD camera before the measurement. Secondly, the two CCD cameras is revolved and pitched by the rotating platform to measure a fixed field of the large area with high precision. The two CCD cameras composed of a Binocular stereo vision system to measure the local coordinates of the target. Thirdly, the poses of two CCD cameras are got from the rotating platform, so we can translate the local coordinates of target to the global coordinates. The experiment results show that, the measurement device can measure the targets precisely and efficiently, with non-contact the rotation CCD probe.

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), an emerging technique for materials quantitative analysis, is rapidly maturing and is becoming increasingly accepted as an important tool for the metal detection. In this paper, a LIBS system with a 10 Hz Q-switched Nd: YAG ns laser at 1064 nm was employed to research the metal element Cr in plant leaves. Refer to NIST atomic database, the metal element Cr is identified in the soaked sample. According to statistical methods and spectrum analysis software, the calibration curve of the metal element Cr was obtained in our laboratory. The correlation coefficient of calibration curve is 0.97394 for Cr 425.43 nm and 0.94005 for Cr 427.48 nm respectively. The experimental results show LIBS technique is a fast and effective tool for detecting and analyzing the relative intensity of the metal elements and provides the basis of the rapid and continuous detection for plant metal.

Lake is one of the most type important wetland, remote sensing technology applied on wetland had become a research hot-spot of wetlands. Automatic or semi-automatic extraction using computer wetland information extraction can improve the efficiency in the human, material, etc. From remote sensing images extract wetland information is important for Wetland research and putting forward Utilization. In this paper, Yellow River source region for the test area, we used different methods to extract lake information from ETM + images acquired different results.

In order to improve the quality and efficiency of the design of reducer, the virtual assembly is used for the design of reducer, the process of parts assembly is achieved in a virtual environment before manufacture of parts, make potential problems of assembly are found and resolved as early as possible. In this paper, virtual reality technology is used to a virtual assembly design of reducer, can quickly detect the interference of the parts of reducer. In the virtual assembly of reducer, the static assembly, dynamic rotation, and the dynamic disassembly of reducer are realized, and dynamic rotation and dynamic disassembly are implemented with VRML and Java..

Predicted by fundamental theory to exhibit a broadband ultrafast saturable absorption, graphene has been demonstrated as a practical saturable absorber for mode-locking technology. Here, we report our investigation on the saturable absorption of graphene in the nanosecond and femtosecond regime. It is found that the saturation intensity of graphene is sensitive to the pulse duration and can be explained by a photodynamic model. In addition, the spectral dependence of saturation intensity in graphene is also presented.

According to the instantaneous estimate of sub-channel, adaptive allocation technology dynamically allocated number of bits transmitted and the transmit power, optimizing the overall performance of OFDM system. Having described the two basic principles of adaptive power allocation in the OFDM, and on the basis of this principle detailedly discussed three kinds of algorithms: adaptive bit allocation algorithm that is based on the capacity optimization, optimum power allocation algorithm based on the best bit error rate and the second-best power distribution algorithm. Through the system simulation using MATLAB software, characteristics and performance of three kinds of algorithms are analyzed and compared, which are in different channels and environments . Simulation results show that adaptive allocation technology can optimize the capacity of the system and bit error rate.

Real-time monitoring for batch process attracts increasing attention. It can ensure safety and provide products with consistent quality. The design of simulation system of batch process fault diagnosis is of great significance. In this paper, penicillin fermentation, a typical non-linear, dynamic, multi-stage batch production process, is taken as the research object. A visual human-machine interactive simulation software system based on Windows operation system is developed. The simulation system can provide an effective platform for the research of batch process fault diagnosis.

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is expected to be deployed in intersection to monitor the traffic flow continuously, and the monitoring datum can be used as the foundation of traffic light control. In this paper, a WSN based on ZigBee protocol for monitoring traffic flow is proposed. Structure, hardware and work flow of WSN nodes are designed. CC2431 from Texas Instrument is chosen as the main computational and transmission unit, and CC2591 as the amplification unit. The stability experiment and the actual environment experiment are carried out in the last of the paper. The results of experiments show that WSN has the ability to collect traffic flow information quickly and transmit the datum to the processing center in real time.

DDS technology is an innovative circuit architecture. It has the advantages of low phase noise, fast frequency switching, small cubage, high frequency resolutions. This paper presents a fast agile frequency synthesizer with simple structure, anti-jamming, low stray and low phase noise.

This paper discusses how to manage college capital construction archives in accordance with the archive collection & arrangement and exploitation in light of the problems in the management of college capital construction archives

Photocathode materials with lower surface doping density need longer time to arise photocurrent during the first cesium activation process when the system's vacuum level is not high enough, and which can be found from the photocurrent curves arising during the activation process for Negative-electron-affinity (NEA) GaAs photocathodes. Meanwhile, with the enhancement of system's vacuum level, these differences in time will be not obvious. It is indicated that the adsorption efficiency of cesium on cathode surface has direct relationship with the surface doping density and the system's vacuum level, therefore, a mathematical model of which is established according to the experimental data in order to analyze the relationship quantitively. The simulation results by the model are in good agreement with the experimental phenomenon. This study is very important for further investigations on the structure design and preparation techniques for varied doping GaAs photocathode materials.

According to the ratio of the maximum values of photocurrents arising during the single Cs activation and the Cs-O activation phase for NEA GaAs photocathode, and combining the theoretical energy distributions of the electrons tunneling through the single and double potential barriers, a new method for evaluating the parameters of surface potential barrier of NEA GaAs photocathode was presented. The results obtained by this method greatly accord with the double-dipole model theory, and are in agreement with the results obtained by fitting the experimental curve for electrons energy distribution. The method is simple and available, and enriches one cheap approach for evaluating the activation effect and the surface characteristics of NEA GaAs photocathodes.

Considering uncertain external disturbance, the model of automatic position control system is established. Then, according to the information of input and output, using extended states observer (ESO), a newer observer is proposed to observe and compensate this integrated disturbance, and a controller is designed based on active disturbance rejection control (ADRC). This controller has very strong robustness not only to external disturbance, but also to unpredictable plant parameter variations.

The simplified transfer function diagram block for a automatic flatness control (AFC) system of strip steel rolling process was investigated. For the problem of automatic flatness control (AFC) in cold tandem mills this paper proposes control techniques based on Smith predictor to compensate for the numerous delays present in the mill. After a Smith predictor was used to the AFC system, the control laws were deduced for both proportional and integral regulators. Control algorithms are tested in simulation considering a tandem mill with four stands as a benchmark, and results are shown to demonstrate the performance of the proposed schemes.

A reliable model for wastewater treatment plant is essential in providing a tool for predicting its performance and to form a basis for controlling the operation of the process. This would minimize the operation costs and assess the stability of environmental balance. For the multi-variable, uncertainty, non-linear characteristics of the wastewater treatment system, an artificial fish school neural network prediction model is established standing on actual operation data in the wastewater treatment system. The model overcomes several disadvantages of the conventional BP neural network. The results of model calculation show that the predicted value can better match measured value, played an effect on simulating and predicting and be able to optimize the operation status. The establishment of the predicting model provides a simple and practical way for the operation and management in wastewater treatment plant, and has good research and engineering practical value.

The issue of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been attracting the attention from many disciplines such as economics, management, laws, sociality and philosophy since last century. The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of CSR on performance and develop a CSR evaluation system. Building on the definition of CSR and Stakeholder theory, this article built a path-relationship model of CSR and business operation performance. The paper also constructed CSR evaluation system based on KLD index, GRJ report, CSR accounting account, SA8000, ISO14000 etc. The research provides a basis for future studies about the relationship between CSR and business performance and shed some light on the evaluation of CSR practices.

The internal model control principle is analyzed in this paper, basis for large inertia and nonlinear characters of a liquid-level control system, a highly robust multiple internal model controller is designed in the paper, and it is used in the three-container liquid level control system. The theory analysis and the experimental results show that the proposed method parameter adjustment is simple, small overshoot; the system can obtain good dynamic and static performance.

In this paper a nonlinear photonic crystal optical limiter structure for TE modes is proposed. The photonic crystal used for this purpose is a triangular lattice of holes in a GaAs substrate. Nonlinear Kerr effect is used to trigger the switching mechanism. A straight forward method for designing the limiter is hereby presented. Finite difference time domain (FDTD) and plane wave expansion (PWE) methods are used to analyze the structure. The nonlinear optical Kerr effect is n2 = 2.7x10^-9m ²/W and a switching power of 15W is obtained in this case. There is a 12dB contrast ratio between the ON and OFF states of the limiter.

One effective implementation of the High-resolution Red-ray Optical Disk File System (HRDFS), which is used for next generation optical storage system's authoring software, is presented in this paper. Logic Format of HRDFS will be introduced firstly. And the algorithms of constructing HRD directory structure, writing directory structure and file data will be focused on. Moreover, the experimental results of testing this implementation will be shown to prove the correctness and effectiveness of the algorithms. Overall, the HRDFS module, which is employed for translating common media streams into those of HRD format, is the essential part of HRD Authoring System. As the design is based on the view of HRD authoring system, it partly provides an efficient implementation way for HRD authoring system.

Conventional PCA usually uses total scatter matrix as a generation matrix, and two dimension image matrices must be transformed into vectors. In this paper, the between-class matrix generated by original image and its eigenvectors were used to feature extracting. First we compressed the image in horizon direction using 2DPCA, then we compressed the feature matrix in vertical direction. Thus, the dimension of features is lesser and the speed of classification is faster. At the same time the category information is fully used and the recognition rate are improved.

The control mechanisms and strategies of QoS are introduced and implemented in the Web server and system, to meet the growing demand of Web performance. And it provides service differentiation and performance guarantees for different types of user or request. And it is now a problems that urgent need to solve for Web development. The paper proposed a program that designs Web QoS software of the middleware to improve the server quality of the LAN Web server.

This study aims to analyze customers' online word-of-mouth for crafts in Cultural and Creative Industries of Taiwan, and extracts articles from Yahoo and Wretch Blogs by the online writing mining technique. The research scope is from Jan. 1, 2008 to Dec. 31, 2010. The subjects include 2457 valid articles on customers' online word-of-mouth regarding the craft industry of Taiwan. Findings demonstrate that, regarding online word-of-mouth, the most important word-of-mouth items of ceramics, stone craft, wood craft manufacturing, and metal craft is decoration and display of surroundings; while brand is valued in glass craft; and the most important item for consumers of paper craft is cultural characteristics of handicrafts.

This study aims to probe into customers' online word-of-mouth regarding cultural heritage applications and performance facilities in Cultural and Creative Industries. Findings demonstrate that, regarding online word-of-mouth for art museums, museums, and art villages, items valued by customers are design aesthetics of displays and collections, educational functions, and environments and landscapes. The percentages are 10.102%, 11.208% and 11.44%, respectively. In addition, cultural heritage applications and performance facility industries in Taiwan are highly valued in online word-of-mouth.

Early information management systems are established for realization of specific business functions ordered by enterprise, including the control and management of production, supply, sales and customer service and so on. Enterprises in accordance with their various departments establish a variety of enterprise information systems used by them, and in the actual work play a huge role in the production. In this paper, from the overall view a variety of enterprise information management systems is considered, thereafter according to specific business needs to unify arrangement of these systems, and use a suitable platform for the organic integration of existing enterprise information management systems, so that the "information islands" link.

In the virtual scene, it is a complicated issue that the research of the navigation path plans in the current field of path planning. The paper research a navigation path planning algorithm for the complex large-scale virtual scene. And achieve virtual environment navigation with some path optimization algorithm in the mature robot field. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the algorithm, in particular, in complex virtual scenes.

At present, network environment follow protocol standard of IPV4 is intended to do the best effort of network to provide network applied service for users, however, not caring about service quality.Thus the packet loss rate is high, it cannot reach an ideal applied results. This article through the establishment of mathematical model, put forward a new distributed multi QOS routing algorithm, given the realization process of this distributed QOS routing algorithm, and simulation was carried out by simulation software. The results show the proposed algorithm can improve the utilization rate of network resources and the service quality of network application.

This paper introduces an easy way to measure melamine. Exploiting the near infrared spectral reflective characteristic of melamine, irradiating the samples with broad spectrum light and the reflected beam goes to the appropriate optical system and optical collimation lens through the optical fibre transmission. Then select a 500nm and a 1000nm wavelengths. The light intensity of the 1000nm wavelength basically does not change as the denseness of melamine changes, while the light intensity of the 500nm wavelength does. According to this feature, people can use the electro optical technology which can turn optical signal into electrical signal to calculate the circuit voltage difference, and then input it into the computer to determine the concentration of melamine in milk. This method is time-saving and convenient.

The quality of education has awakened the interest in researchers worldwide because it is an important aspect in solving the problems in education which can be studied as a complex social system; and of course, there are several ways to model a complex social system. The objective of this paper is to propose a model that deals with problems in education among knowledge societies in situations where conventional analysis is insufficient in describing the intricacies of realistic social phenomena and social actors. We use the Distributed Agency methodology that requires the use of several computational techniques and interdisciplinary theories.

Since the CPT system is a complex higher-order nonlinear system, it is very difficult to meet the control requirements if the traditional control method is used to control the stability of the system. In this paper, a performance simulation study is performed by introducing the PID neural network controller into the Phase-Shifted Full-Bridge CPT system. Compared with the control effects of traditional PID controllers, the PID neural network controllers have better dynamic responses and more robustness under load rapid changes and input step disturbances.

It is important that high precision positioning system to cope with development of semiconductor and FPD manufacturing/inspection procedure. In this paper, the H type stage with flexure joint was proposed to compensate the yaw error in H type stage caused by manufacturing error, assembly error, and synchronous error. To implement the yaw motion in H type stage, 1 rotational DOF flexure joint which has high stiffness and endurance was proposed. Conceptual design of H type stage was performed to follow the criteria for precision machine design. The performance of H type stage was verified by real time experiment.

This paper will introduce the Hilbert-Huang Transform for Analysis of Universal blind steganalysis detection task. Firstly, This method use its efficient unsteady-state modeling ability to constucte features of steganography object and adopt independent variable analysis method to extract and refine feature. In the classification stage, by constructing the compound ANOVN kernel function of the Steganalysis field to improve data processing capabilities of nonlinear.

A new method for chromosome pairing of amphioxus using digital image processing technology is studyed in this paper, selects chromosome banding image of amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri tsingtauense as experimental material, According to objective data obtained from the program, this method improves the subjective pairing method which uses image processing software to measure long arm and short arm of the chromosome. The results show that the pairing method is effective, accurate and practical. This study has important theoretical and practical significance for further study of chromosome gene mapping and cell genetics of amphioxus.

Traditional filtering methods can't eliminate the effect of interfering signals on steering wheel angle and extract useful signal effectively.Regarding to this, a new method based on wavelet transform is presented.According to the Mallat algorithm, firstly, the signal is decomposed into seven layers by selecting db7 wavelet.Aiming at every layer detail signal after wavelet decomposing, the soft-threshold filtering method is employed to eliminate noises, then the inverse wavelet transform is used to reconstruct the filtered signal.The experimental results show that this method can effectively eliminate awful noises and achieve a good performance.

This paper introduces a simulated annealing algorithm for solving the linear constrained optimization problems. The performance of this algorithm is demonstrated with Rosenbrock function global optimal problem. Then the design of cooling schedule and the influence of various controlling parameters are discussed. From the results, it is evident that the quality of the obtained optimal solution is closely related to the iterative times. There are three parameters related to the iterative times, and the most important influence parameter is markov chain.

By analyzing the problems in the current assets management, this thesis proposing RFID technology will be applied to asset management in order to improve the management level of automation and information. This paper designed the equipment identification based on 433MHz RFID tag and reader which was deeply studied on the basis of RFID tag and card reader circuits, and this paper also illustrates the system of asset management. The RS232 converts Ethernet is a innovative technology to transfer data to PC monitor software, and implement system of asset management based on WEB techniques (PHP and MySQL).

The tracking window used by object tracking method based on mean shift algorithm is usually regular in shape. Thus, it is inevitable to introduce some background information into object model. This problem becomes worse while the moving object is irregular in shape. Aiming at this problem, this paper proposes an improved mean shift algorithm based on target mask matrix (MSTMM). TMM is acquired through background subtraction. On the basis, a new method for building object model is proposed. Experiment results show that MSTMM algorithm succeeds in excluding the background information from object model, and the accuracy of moving object localization is improved.

Virtual instrument was widely used in automatic measurement and control system, nonlinear calibration was necessary in the science research and high-precise measurement. Nonlinear calibration method with RBFNN was proposed in this paper for ANN's ability of self-learning and generalization and GA was introduced to optimize its structure and parameters. The structure of RBFNN was created and optimizing algorithm was proposed, the fundamental of nonlinear calibration was introduced. The simulation shows RBFNN with optimized by GA can greatly increase the convergence speed and precision, nonlinear calibration with ANN was feasible and the precision was obviously improved, this method can be used into automatic measure system effectively.

The model selection for the chamber structure of large-scale navigation lock has a great influence on the quantities of chamber. This paper combines with an actual engineering to analysis the chamber structure of navigation lock with the help of 3D finite element. The analysis result shows that the chamber structure with double-hinges bottom board can reduce the thickness and reinforcement quantity of center inner bottom plating, bending moment of center inner bottom bottom plate is smaller than other times, because the chamber wall can't transfer bending moment to center inner bottom plate with the role of hinges. The chamber structure with monolithic bottom board which is pointed construction joints also can reduce reinforcement quantity and engineering investment by decreasing span moment of center inner bottom plate, considering the weights of chamber wall and back fill has effects on the preloading of foundation in internal force analysis of the chamber structure.

In order to overcome the slow convergence rate and large steady-state mean square error of constant modulus algorithm (CMA), a concurrent constant modulus algorithm and multi-modulus algorithm scheme for high-order QAM signals is proposed, which makes full use of the character which is that the high-order QAM signals locate in the different modulus. This algorithm uses the CMA as the basal mode. And in the second mode it uses the multi-modulus algorithm. Furthermore, the two modes operate concurrently. The efficiency of the method is proved by computer simulations in underwater acoustic channels.

Stress-magnetic effect experiment system was established, which is composed of stress loading device, magnetizer, magnetic flux density measuring device, control and acquisition device. By measuring the magnetic parameters of cable under stress, series of magnetization curve and permeability curve of cable were derived. The results of experiment show stress how to effect the magnetic properties of cable. The results of experiment could provide reference for other studies on cable.

Image binarization is an important processing technology. This paper presents a new image binarization method based on dynamic gradient and global threshold. Firstly, a binary image A is generated by using the Otsu's method. Then, a binary image B is gotten with the dynamic gradient method. Lastly, the final binarization image C results from the logic AND operation using A and B. The experimental result shows that the method presented in this paper can preserve details and edges effectively compared with other binarization methods.

Urban sprawl is a worldwide phenomenon especially in fast developing regions of China which is a typical representative. The study on the spatiotemporal characteristics of urban sprawl and urban pattern is useful for land sustainable management and urban land planning. This research explores the spatiotemporal dynamics of urban sprawl in the context of a rapid urbanization process in a booming economic region of southern China from 1979 to 2005. Three urban sprawl types are distinguished based on analyzing overlaid urban area maps of each two adjacent study years which originates from the interpretation of remote sensed images and the vector land use maps. The landscape metrics are used to analyze the spatiotemporal pattern of urban sprawl for each study period. The study results show that urban areas have expanded dramatically, and the spatiotemporal landscape pattern configured by three sprawl types changed obviously.

In hard disk drives (HDDs), head skew among multiple heads is pre-calibrated during manufacturing process. In real applications with high capacity of storage, the head stack may be tilted due to environmental change, resulting in additional head skew errors from outer diameter (OD) to inner diameter (ID). In case these errors are below the preset threshold for power on recalibration, the current strategy may not be aware, and drive performance under severe environment will be degraded. In this paper, in-the-field compensation of small DC head skew variation across stroke is proposed, where a zone table has been equipped. Test results demonstrating its effectiveness to reduce observer error and to enhance drive performance via accurate prediction of DC head skew are provided.