Topical delivery of a preformed photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy of cutaneous lesions

Nancy L. Oleinick; Malcolm E. Kenney; Minh Lam; Thomas McCormick; Kevin D. Cooper; Elma D. Baron

doi:10.1117/12.909029

9 March 2012 Topical delivery of a preformed photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy of cutaneous lesions

Nancy L. Oleinick, Malcolm E. Kenney, Minh Lam, Thomas McCormick, Kevin D. Cooper, Elma D. Baron

Proceedings Volume 8210, Optical Methods for Tumor Treatment and Detection: Mechanisms and Techniques in Photodynamic Therapy XXI; 821003 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.909029
Event: SPIE BiOS, 2012, San Francisco, California, United States

Abstract

Photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy (PDT) are most commonly delivered to patients or experimental animals via intravenous injection. After initial distribution throughout the body, there can be some preferential accumulation within tumors or other abnormal tissue in comparison to the surrounding normal tissue. In contrast, the photosensitizer precursor, 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) or one of its esters, is routinely administered topically, and more specifically, to target skin lesions. Following metabolic conversion to protoporphyrin IX, the target area is photoilluminated, limiting peripheral damage and targeting the effective agent to the desired region. However, not all skin lesions are responsive to ALA-PDT. Topical administration of fully formed photosensitizers is less common but is receiving increased attention, and some notable advances with selected approved and experimental photosensitizers have been published. Our team has examined topical administration of the phthalocyanine photosensitizer Pc 4 to mammalian (human, mouse, pig) skin. Pc 4 in a desired formulation and concentration was applied to the skin surface at a rate of 5-10 μL/cm² and kept under occlusion. After various times, skin biopsies were examined by confocal microscopy, and fluorescence within regions of interest was quantified. Early after application, images show the majority of the Pc 4 fluorescence within the stratum corneum and upper epidermis. As a function of time and concentration, penetration of Pc 4 across the stratum corneum and into the epidermis and dermis was observed. The data indicate that Pc 4 can be delivered to skin for photodynamic activation and treatment of skin pathologies.

Citation Download Citation

Nancy L. Oleinick, Malcolm E. Kenney, Minh Lam, Thomas McCormick, Kevin D. Cooper, and Elma D. Baron "Topical delivery of a preformed photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy of cutaneous lesions", Proc. SPIE 8210, Optical Methods for Tumor Treatment and Detection: Mechanisms and Techniques in Photodynamic Therapy XXI, 821003 (9 March 2012); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.909029

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KEYWORDS

Skin

Luminescence

Photodynamic therapy

Confocal microscopy

Tissues

Tumors

Photosensitizer targeting

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