Characteristic research of the waveguide by nanosecond laser pulses on LiNbO3

Zigang Zhou; Chen Luo; Zongxue Fan; Ensi Quan; Wanqing Zhu; Liang Wang; Yongjia Yang

doi:10.1117/12.2001739

29 November 2012 Characteristic research of the waveguide by nanosecond laser pulses on LiNbO₃

Zigang Zhou, Chen Luo, Zongxue Fan, Ensi Quan, Wanqing Zhu, Liang Wang, Yongjia Yang

Proceedings Volume 8551, High-Power Lasers and Applications VI; 85511J (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2001739
Event: Photonics Asia, 2012, Beijing, China

Abstract

The damage threshold and morphology of optical material have been investigated by 800nm, 75MHz, 30fs laser pulses, in 40 magnification and 0.65 numerical aperture (NA) objective in the Z-LiNbO₃ crystals. The influence of several experimental parameters, for example energy per pulse, a ser scanning speed, or repeat time on writing quality and the characters of relative microstructures has been analyzed and studied in theory. The damage structural change, from small refractive index changes to micro explosion structure in LiNbO₃ induced by high intensity nanosecond laser is studied. Nonlinear interactions of nanosecond laser and transparent material are discussed. The subsurface morphology of the processed structures inside the LiNbO₃was obtained by a Nikon optical microscope. Particularly, we find that the wider width of the buried channel with the increase of energy per pluse, repeat time and the reduce of scanning speed. It was caused by the avalanche ionization and multi-photon absorption of lithium on the processed area, and which is also lead to the refractive index change rang by the writing conditions. The result shows that the propagation of optical waveguide could achieve ideal effect when the energy per pluse is under 300mW, the scanning speed is from 0.05mm/s to 0.2mm/s, and the focus depth is from 350μm to 400μm.At last, in this approach, the insertion loss of 1×4 optical splitter is less than 1dB/cm.

Citation Download Citation

Zigang Zhou, Chen Luo, Zongxue Fan, Ensi Quan, Wanqing Zhu, Liang Wang, and Yongjia Yang "Characteristic research of the waveguide by nanosecond laser pulses on LiNbO₃", Proc. SPIE 8551, High-Power Lasers and Applications VI, 85511J (29 November 2012); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2001739

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KEYWORDS

Waveguides

Lithium niobate

Ionization

Laser processing

Refractive index

Crystals

Laser crystals

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