Remote fiber sensors and optical amplification

M. J. Pontes; Thiago V. N. Coelho; Joel P. Carvalho; J. L. Santos; A. Guerreiro

doi:10.1117/12.2026191

18 November 2013 Remote fiber sensors and optical amplification

M. J. Pontes, Thiago V. N. Coelho, Joel P. Carvalho, J. L. Santos, A. Guerreiro

Proceedings Volume 8785, 8th Iberoamerican Optics Meeting and 11th Latin American Meeting on Optics, Lasers, and Applications; 8785BZ (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2026191
Event: 8th Ibero American Optics Meeting/11th Latin American Meeting on Optics, Lasers, and Applications, 2013, Porto, Portugal

Abstract

This work discusses remote fiber sensors enabled by optical amplification. Continuous wave numerical modeling based on the propagation of pumps and signal lasers coupled to optical fibers explores Raman amplification schemes to predict the sensor’s behavior. Experimental analyses report the results to a temperature remote optical sensor with 50 km distance between the central unit and the sensor head. An electrical interrogation scheme is used due to their low cost and good time response. Different architectures in remote sensor systems are evaluated, where diffraction gratings are the sensor element. A validation of calculated results is performed by experimental analyses and, as an application, the noise generated by Raman amplification in the remote sensors systems is simulated applying such numerical modeling. The analyses of sensors systems based on diffraction gratings requires optical broadband sources to interrogate the optical sensor unit, mainly in long period gratings that shows a characteristic rejection band. Therefore, the sensor distance is limited to a few kilometers due to the attenuation in optical fibers. Additional attenuation is introduced by the sensor element. Hence, to extend the distance in the optical sensor system, the optical amplification system is needed to compensate the losses in the optical fibers. The Raman amplification technology was selected mainly due to the flexibility in the gain bandwidth. The modeling can be applied to sensor systems that monitor sites located at long distances, or in places that the access is restricted due to harsh environment conditions in such cases conventional sensors are relatively fast deteriorated.

Citation Download Citation

M. J. Pontes, Thiago V. N. Coelho, Joel P. Carvalho, J. L. Santos, and A. Guerreiro "Remote fiber sensors and optical amplification", Proc. SPIE 8785, 8th Iberoamerican Optics Meeting and 11th Latin American Meeting on Optics, Lasers, and Applications, 8785BZ (18 November 2013); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2026191

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KEYWORDS

Sensors

Remote sensing

Raman spectroscopy

Fiber Bragg gratings

Sensing systems

Refractive index

Head

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