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25 February 2014Quantifying temperature changes in tissue-mimicking fluid phantoms using optical coherence tomography and envelope
statistics
Several therapies make use of a hypo or hyperthermia tissue environment to induce cell death in both benign and
malignant tumors. Current progression in optical technologies, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fiber
Bragg gratings (FBG) sensors, could potentially provide viable information to explore the response of tissue when these
temperature induced treatments are implemented. Studies were conducted with tissue-mimicking phantoms fabricated
with polystyrene microspheres and glycerin to observe any relationship between the pixel intensities of the OCT images
and their concurring envelope statistics. OCT images of the monitored region of interest were taken at 5°C intervals from
25°C to 60°C. Four probability distribution functions (PDF), Rician, Rayleigh, Normal and Generalized Gamma were
used to investigate OCT envelope statistics as the temperature was altered. Using the Kolmogrov-Smirnov goodness of
fit test, it was determined that the Generalized Gamma was the best fit. The scaling and shape parameters associated with
the Generalized Gamma PDF were used to quantify the OCT envelope data to identify temperature changes within the
tissue mimicking media. The Generalized Gamma PDF was verified as the best fit based on the Kolmogorov-Smirnov
(K-S) test correlation factor being less than 0.05 (p = 0.0158). In addition to the PDFs, the OCT speckle decorrelation at
varying temperature were also measured and quantified to detect the microspheres response to temperature changes.
Initial results are very promising with future research focused on extending this methodology to monitor relative
temperature changes in tissue during therapy. Clinical utility can be achieved if these optical techniques are used to
evaluate the temperature-derived biological response of tissue and provide a feedback mechanism to improve procedural
efficiency.
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Subaagari Seevaratnam, Amitpal Bains, Mashal Farid, Golnaz Farhat, Michael Kolios, Beau A. Standish, "Quantifying temperature changes in tissue-mimicking fluid phantoms using optical coherence tomography and envelope
statistics," Proc. SPIE 8938, Optical Fibers and Sensors for Medical Diagnostics and Treatment Applications XIV, 89380R (25 February 2014); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2040161