Next-generation confirmatory disease diagnostics

Robert Lin; Rachel Gerver; Kelly Karns; Akwasi A. Apori; Aleksandra K. Denisin; Amy E. Herr

doi:10.1117/12.2065334

5 June 2014 Next-generation confirmatory disease diagnostics

Robert Lin, Rachel Gerver, Kelly Karns, Akwasi A. Apori, Aleksandra K. Denisin, Amy E. Herr

Proceedings Volume 9112, Sensing Technologies for Global Health, Military Medicine, and Environmental Monitoring IV; 911208 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2065334
Event: SPIE Sensing Technology + Applications, 2014, Baltimore, MD, United States

Abstract

Microfluidic tools are advancing capabilities in screening diagnostics for use in near-patient settings. Here, we review three case studies to illustrate the flexibility and analytical power offered by microanalytical tools. We first overview a near-patient tool for detection of protein markers found in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), as a means to identify the presence of cerebrospinal fluid in nasal mucous – an indication that CSF is leaking into the nasal cavity. Microfluidic design allowed integration of several up-stream preparatory steps and rapid, specific completion of the human CSF protein assay. Second, we overview a tear fluid based assay for lactoferrin, a protein produced in the lacrimal gland, then secreted into tear fluid. Tear Lf is a putative biomarker for primary SS. A critical contribution of this and related work being measurement of Lf, even in light of well-known and significant matrix interactions and losses during the tear fluid collection and preparation. Lastly, we review a microfluidic barcode platform that enables rapid measurement of multiple infectious disease biomarkers in human sera. The assay presents a new approach to multiplexed biomarker detection, yet in a simple straight microchannel – thus providing a streamlined, simplified microanalytical platform, as is relevant to robust operation in diagnostic settings. We view microfluidic design and analytical chemistry as the basis for emerging, sophisticated assays that will advance not just screening diagnostic technology, but confirmatory assays, sample preparation and handling, and thus introduction and utilization of new biomarkers and assay formats.

Citation Download Citation

Robert Lin, Rachel Gerver, Kelly Karns, Akwasi A. Apori, Aleksandra K. Denisin, and Amy E. Herr "Next-generation confirmatory disease diagnostics", Proc. SPIE 9112, Sensing Technologies for Global Health, Military Medicine, and Environmental Monitoring IV, 911208 (5 June 2014); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2065334

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