Investigation of autofocus algorithms for brightfield microscopy of unstained cells

Shu Yu Wu; Nazim Dugan; Bryan M. Hennelly

doi:10.1117/12.2051944

1 May 2014 Investigation of autofocus algorithms for brightfield microscopy of unstained cells

Shu Yu Wu, Nazim Dugan, Bryan M. Hennelly

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 9131, Optical Modelling and Design III; 91310T (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2051944
Event: SPIE Photonics Europe, 2014, Brussels, Belgium

Abstract

In the past decade there has been significant interest in image processing for brightfield cell microscopy. Much of the previous research on image processing for microscopy has focused on fluorescence microscopy, including cell counting, cell tracking, cell segmentation and autofocusing. Fluorescence microscopy provides functional image information that involves the use of labels in the form of chemical stains or dyes. For some applications, where the biochemical integrity of the cell is required to remain unchanged so that sensitive chemical testing can later be applied, it is necessary to avoid staining. For this reason the challenge of processing images of unstained cells has become a topic of increasing attention. These cells are often effectively transparent and appear to have a homogenous intensity profile when they are in focus. Bright field microscopy is the most universally available and most widely used form of optical microscopy and for this reason we are interested in investigating image processing of unstained cells recorded using a standard bright field microscope. In this paper we investigate the application of a range of different autofocus metrics applied to unstained bladder cancer cell lines using a standard inverted bright field microscope with microscope objectives that have high magnification and numerical aperture. We present a number of conclusions on the optimum metrics and the manner in which they should be applied for this application.

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Shu Yu Wu, Nazim Dugan, and Bryan M. Hennelly "Investigation of autofocus algorithms for brightfield microscopy of unstained cells", Proc. SPIE 9131, Optical Modelling and Design III, 91310T (1 May 2014); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2051944

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