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12 August 1988Backscattering Of Laser Light From Freely Rising Spherical And Spheroidal Air Bubbles In Water
Observations were made of the near backward scattering of polarized laser light from freely rising spherical and oblate spheroidal air bubbles in fresh water. The cross-polarized pattern was observed and was modeled with a physical optics approximation for two different incident polarization directions relative to the axis of rotational symmetry of the spheroidal bubble. A rigid sphere drag law and relations from hydrodynamics were used to estimate bubble oblateness. The directional caustics associated with the near-backward directed wavefronts from oblate bubbles were calculated and may be used to estimate bubble oblateness from certain features of the angular scattering pattern.
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W.Patrick Arnott, Philip L Marston, "Backscattering Of Laser Light From Freely Rising Spherical And Spheroidal Air Bubbles In Water," Proc. SPIE 0925, Ocean Optics IX, (12 August 1988); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.945737