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Both the ever-increasing prices of fertilizer and growing ecological concern over
chemical run-off into sources of drinking water have brought the issues of precision
agriculture and site-specific management to the forefront of present technological
development within agriculture and ecology. Soil is an important and basic element in
agriculture production. Acquisition of soil information plays an important role in precision
agriculture. The soil parameters include soil total nitrogen, phosporus, potassium, soil organic
matter, soil moisture, electrical conductivity and pH value and so on. Field rapid acquisition
to all the kinds of soil physical and chemical parameters is one of the most important research
directions. And soil parameter real-time monitoring is also the trend of future development in
precision agriculture. While developments in precision agriculture and site-specific
management procedures have made significant in-roads on these issues and many researchers
have developed effective means to determine soil properties, routinely obtaining robust
on-the-go measurements of soil properties which are reliable enough to drive effective
fertilizer application remains a challenge. NIRS technology provides a new method to obtain
soil parameter with low cost and rapid advantage. In this paper, research progresses of soil
on-the-go spectral sensors at domestic and abroad was combed and analyzed. There is a need
for the sensing system to perform at least six key indexes for any on-the-go soil spectral
sensor to be successful. The six indexes are detection limit, specificity, robustness, accuracy,
cost and easy-to-use. Both the research status and problems were discussed. Finally,
combining the national conditions of china, development tendency of on-the-go soil spectral
sensors was proposed. In the future, on-the-go soil spectral sensors with reliable enough,
sensitive enough and continuous detection would become popular in precision agriculture.
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