Evidence of energy transfer in nanoparticle-porphyrins conjugates for radiation therapy enhancement

Konstantin Kudinov; Daniel Cooper; Pooja Tyagi; Devesh Bekah; Dhrittiman Bhattacharyya; Colin Hill; Jonathan Kin Ha; Jay Nadeau; Stephen E. Bradforth

doi:10.1117/12.2077985

12 March 2015 Evidence of energy transfer in nanoparticle-porphyrins conjugates for radiation therapy enhancement

Konstantin Kudinov, Daniel Cooper, Pooja Tyagi, Devesh Bekah, Dhrittiman Bhattacharyya, Colin Hill, Jonathan Kin Ha, Jay Nadeau, Stephen E. Bradforth

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 9338, Colloidal Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications X; 93380H (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2077985
Event: SPIE BiOS, 2015, San Francisco, California, United States

Abstract

We report progress towards combining radiation therapy (RT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) using scintillating nanoparticle (NP)-photosensitizer conjugates. In this approach, scintillating NPs are excited by clinically relevant ionizing radiation sources and subsequently transfer energy to conjugated photosensitizers via FRET, acting as an energy mediator between ionizing radiation and photosensitizer molecules. The excited photosensitizers generate reactive oxygen species that can induce local damage and immune response. Advantages of the scheme include: 1) Compared with traditional radiation therapy, a possible decrease of the total radiation dose needed to eliminate the lesion; 2) Compared with traditional PDT, the ability to target deeper and more highly pigmented lesions; 3) The possibility of additional photosensitizing effects due to the scintillation of the nanoparticles. In this work, the photosensitizer molecule chlorin e6 was covalently bound to the surface of LaF3:Ce NPs. After conjugation, the photoluminescence intensity of NPs decreased, and fluorescence lifetime of conjugated chlorin e6 became sensitive to excitation wavelength, suggesting rapid FRET. In addition, scintillation spectra of nanoparticles were measured. Preliminary calculations suggest that the observed scintillation efficiencies are sufficient to enhance RT. In vitro cancer cell studies suggest conjugates are taken up by cells. Survival curves with radiation exposure suggest that the particles alone cause radiosensitization comparable to that seen with gold nanoparticles.

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Konstantin Kudinov, Daniel Cooper, Pooja Tyagi, Devesh Bekah, Dhrittiman Bhattacharyya, Colin Hill, Jonathan Kin Ha, Jay Nadeau, and Stephen E. Bradforth "Evidence of energy transfer in nanoparticle-porphyrins conjugates for radiation therapy enhancement", Proc. SPIE 9338, Colloidal Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications X, 93380H (12 March 2015); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2077985

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