Low noise InGaAs/InP single-photon negative feedback avalanche diodes: characterization and applications

Gianluca Boso; Boris Korzh; Tommaso Lunghi; Hugo Zbinden

doi:10.1117/12.2177892

13 May 2015 Low noise InGaAs/InP single-photon negative feedback avalanche diodes: characterization and applications

Gianluca Boso, Boris Korzh, Tommaso Lunghi, Hugo Zbinden

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 9492, Advanced Photon Counting Techniques IX; 94920Q (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2177892
Event: SPIE Sensing Technology + Applications, 2015, Baltimore, MD, United States

Abstract

In recent years, many applications have been proposed that require detection of light signals in the near-infrared range with single-photon sensitivity and time resolution down to few hundreds of picoseconds. InGaAs/InP singlephoton avalanche diodes (SPADs) are a viable choice for these tasks thanks to their compactness and ease-of-use. Unfortunately, their performance is traditionally limited by high dark count rates (DCRs) and afterpulsing effects. However, a recent demonstration of negative feedback avalanche diodes (NFADs), operating in the free-running regime, achieved a DCR down to 1 cps at 10 % photon detection efficiency (PDE) at telecom wavelengths. Here we present our recent results on the characterization of NFAD detectors for temperatures down to approximately 150 K. A FPGA controlled test-bench facilitates the acquisition of all the parameters of interest like PDE, DCR, afterpulsing probability etc. We also demonstrate the performance of the detector in different applications: In particular, with low-temperature NFADs, we achieved high secret key rates with quantum key distribution over fiber links between 100-300 km. But low noise InGaAs/InP SPADs will certainly find applications in yet unexplored fields like photodynamic therapy, near infrared diffuse optical spectroscopy and many more. For example with a large area detector, we made time-resolved measurements of singlet-oxygen luminescence from a standard Rose Bengal dye in aqueous solution.

Citation Download Citation

Gianluca Boso, Boris Korzh, Tommaso Lunghi, and Hugo Zbinden "Low noise InGaAs/InP single-photon negative feedback avalanche diodes: characterization and applications", Proc. SPIE 9492, Advanced Photon Counting Techniques IX, 94920Q (13 May 2015); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2177892

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